Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35577729›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA

Longitudinal analysis of suicides among pharmacists during 2003-2018.

Kelly C Lee, Gordon Y Ye, Amanda Choflet, Arianna Barnes, Sidney Zisook, Cadie Ayers, Judy E Davidson

Open access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
5.6field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Supporting Nurse Leaders to Recognize and Intervene in Team Members' Suicidality.Journal of nursing scholarship : an official publication of Sigma Theta Tau International Honor Society of Nursing · 2025
    Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. We all have a role to play in suicide prevention.Journal of the American Pharmacists Association : JAPhA
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Kelly C Lee
Gordon Y Ye
Amanda Choflet
Arianna Barnes
Sidney Zisook
Cadie Ayers
Judy E Davidson
University of Montana · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSuicide is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and estimates of suicide among health professionals are higher than the general population. High rates of suicide among physicians and nurses have been described previously, but there is a lack of data for suicides completed by pharmacists.

objectiveThe purpose of this study was to quantify the incidence, means, and characteristics of pharmacist suicides in the United States.

methodsData were obtained from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) for the years 2003-2018. The dataset contained all suicides, coded by occupation, reported by medical examiners and law enforcement from 39 states and Washington DC and Puerto Rico. Suicide characteristics were compared between pharmacists and nonpharmacists. Age-adjusted rates were calculated for 2004, 2009, and 2014.

resultsDuring 2003-2018, the NVDRS contained 316 pharmacist suicides compared with 213,146 nonpharmacist suicides. The age-adjusted rates per 100,000 people were 19.6, 20.1, and 18.2 for 2004, 2009 and 2014, respectively. The most common means of suicide was firearm. Associated factors for suicide included job problems, current mental illness treatment, and suicide note.

conclusionSuicide rates among pharmacists are higher than the general population. Future research is needed to evaluate the context of job-related problems to mitigate risk. Encouraging help-seeking behaviors to identify and treat pharmacist depression is warranted.

Indexed as

SuicideCause of DeathHomicideHumansPharmacistsPopulation SurveillanceUnited StatesViolence

Identifiers

PMID35577729
PMCPMC10219640
OpenAlexW4280498291

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.