ArticleJournal of medical virology2022
Respiratory virus circulation in children after relaxation of COVID-19 restrictions in fall 2021-A nationwide register study in Finland.
Article in Journal of medical virology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterising the asynchronous resurgence of common respiratory viruses following the COVID-19 pandemic.Nature communications · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of social distancing measures and lockdowns for reducing transmission of COVID-19 in non-healthcare, community-based settings.Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Effectiveness of a structured protocol for the prevention of acute respiratory tract infections in daycare centers: A quasi-experimental study.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2026Trial
- Paediatric Healthcare Utilisation Trends From the Pre-Pandemic Period Through Two Years Post-COVID-19: Evidence From a Nationwide Big-Data Analysis.Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992) · 2026Article
- A comprehensive look at Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV): from pathogenesis to prevention.Tropical diseases, travel medicine and vaccines · 2026Review
- Allergic Status, Long COVID, and Post-Restriction Respiratory Outcomes in Children: A Single-Center Questionnaire-Based Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Taxonomy of the Full Health and Societal Value of Maternal Vaccination to Prevent Infant Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Autoantibody Response Toward Chromatin in Patients With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis.Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Declines in Human Rhinovirus, Coronavirus, Parainfluenza, and Adenovirus Infections During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence From Household-Based Cohort Studies in Lima, Peru.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Normalization of Seasonality and Age Distribution of Pediatric RSV Infection Following the Pandemic Disruption in the Netherlands.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Ecological reshaping of pediatric respiratory pathogen profiles after COVID-19-related non-pharmaceutical interventions were lifted: a 5-year interrupted time-series study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Article
- Shifts in seasonal timing of respiratory diseases and causes of death following a natural pandemic event.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Simultaneous Detection and Differentiation of SARS-CoV-2, Influenza A/B, and Respiratory Syncytial Viruses in Respiratory Specimens Using the VitaSIRODiagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Resilience of Pediatric Healthcare Services in an Urban Hospital in China During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Late 2022.BMJ paediatrics open · 2025Article
- An mRNA Vaccine Targeting the C-Terminal Region of P1 Protein Induces an Immune Response and Protects AgainstInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Troubled Times, Changing Tides: A Seroprevalence Study on Meningococcal Immunity in France Between 2016 and 2024.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Changes in respiratory viruses in infancy during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: a prospective cohort study.BMJ open respiratory research · 2025Observational
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic measures on hospitalizations and epidemiological patterns of twelve respiratory pathogens in children with acute respiratory infections in southern China.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Cord blood IgG for respiratory syncytial virus and subsequent infection during the COVID-19 pandemic.Medicine · 2025Observational
- Pharmacological mechanisms of probenecid for SARS-CoV-2 and RSV co-infection: findings of system pharmacology, molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulation, and structure-activity relationship.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Social restrictions interrupted the normal respiratory virus circulation in Spring 2020. This report describes virus circulation in the pediatric population before and after the restrictions ended in Finland in September 2021. We used data from the Finnish Infectious Disease Register. Nationwide influenza A and B, rhinovirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) findings from January 2018 to December 2021. Age stratified (0-4, 5-9, and 10-14 years) weekly incidences per 100 000 children were calculated. School and day-care closures interrupted completely the circulation of all other respiratory viruses than rhinovirus in spring 2020. After restrictions were relaxed in September 2021, SARS-Cov-2 detections increased majorly. We observed high RSV season atypically early. SARS-Cov-2 was detected in older children whereas RSV season peaked especially among children aged under 5. Influenza seemed to return to normal circulation. In conclusion, we report that the ending of social restrictions in September 2021 led to an increase in SARS-Cov-2 detections and high epidemic peaks of RSV and parainfluenza in atypical timing in children. Our results highlight the importance of continuous pathogen surveillance during the pandemic, as atypical surges of non-COVID-19 respiratory viruses were observed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.