ArticleBone2022
Trimethylamine N-oxide and hip fracture and bone mineral density in older adults: The cardiovascular health study.
Article in Bone, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiome and bone health: update on mechanisms, clinical correlations, and possible treatment strategies.Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA · 2025Pooled it
- The gut-bone axis: microbial metabolism and nutritional interventions for bone health.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Engineered probiotic-derived indole-3-propionic acid inhibits ubiquitination via AHR signaling to treat postmenopausal osteoporosis.Gut microbes · 2026Article
- Osteoporosis from the perspective of the gut-bone axis: gut microbiota, metabolites, and multi-system synergistic regulation.Journal of endocrinological investigation · 2026Review
- Metabolic messengers from the gut to the joint: Toward precision management of osteoarthritis (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Gut Microbiota-Derived TMAO Drives MC3T3-E1 Senescence and Osteogenic Dysfunction via cGAS-STING-NF-κB Signaling: Implications for Age-Related Bone Loss.Calcified tissue international · 2026Article
- Associations of Dietary and Circulating Choline and Glycine With Bone Mineral Density: UK Biobank Analyses With Mendelian Randomization.International journal of endocrinology · 2026Article
- Gut dysbiosis and vitamin-dependent immune regulation in degenerative musculoskeletal and bone diseases.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Roles of gut metabolites on bone mineralization and remodeling: impact of metabolic dysregulation on the gut-immune-bone axis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Review
- The role of gut microbiota-immune-endocrine crosstalk in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Gut microbiota-derived TMAO drives the kidney-bone-vascular axis in chronic kidney disease complications.Renal failure · 2025Review
- TMAO accelerates cellular aging by disrupting endoplasmic reticulum integrity and mitochondrial unfolded protein response.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2025Article
- The gut microbiota in osteoporosis: dual roles and therapeutic prospects.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Trimethylamine-N-oxide accelerates osteoporosis by PERK activation of ATF5 unfolding.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- Association of serum trimethylamine N-oxide levels and bone mineral density in type 2 diabetes mellitus.Endocrine · 2024Article
- Trimethylamine-N-oxide promotes osteoclast differentiation and oxidative stress by activating NF-κB pathway.Aging · 2024Article
- Effect of a 3-month L-carnitine supplementation and resistance training program on circulating markers and bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a randomized controlled trial.Nutrition & metabolism · 2023Article
- Seropositive for hepatitis B and C viruses is associated with the risk of decreased bone mineral density in adults: An analysis of studies from the NHANES database.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 10 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
contextGut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) may adversely affect bone by inducing oxidative stress. Whether this translates into increased fracture risk in older adults is uncertain.
objectiveDetermine the associations of plasma TMAO with hip fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) in older adults. DESIGN AND
settingCox hazard models and linear regression stratified by sex examined the associations of TMAO with hip fracture and BMD in the longitudinal cohort of the Cardiovascular Health Study.
participants5019 U.S. adults aged ≥65 years. EXPOSURE: Plasma TMAO.
main outcome measuresIncident hip fractures; total hip BMD dual x-ray absorptiometry in a subset (n = 1400).
resultsSix hundred sixty-six incident hip fractures occurred during up to 26 years of follow-up (67,574 person-years). After multivariable adjustment, TMAO was not significantly associated with hip fracture (women: hazard ratio (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] of 1.00[0.92,1.09] per TMAO doubling; men: 1.12[0.95,1.33]). TMAO was also not associated with total hip BMD (women: BMD difference [95% CI] of 0.42 g/cm
conclusionsAmong older US men and women, TMAO was not significantly associated with risk of hip fracture or BMD overall. Exploratory analyses suggested a significant association between higher TMAO and hip fracture when BMI was elevated, which merits further study.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.