ArticleClinical and experimental immunology2022
Cellular immunity in subacute thyroiditis: a new perspective through neopterin.
Article in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigation of Potential Targets for Bupleuri Radix in the Treatment of Subacute Thyroiditis.International journal of endocrinology · 2025Article
- Case Report: SARS-CoV-2-associated immune dysfunction manifesting as concurrent fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus and subacute thyroiditis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Neck Pain and Symptomatic Hypothyroidism: An Atypical Presentation of Subacute Thyroiditis.Cureus · 2024Article
- Analysis of Interleukin-17, Interleukin-23, neopterin and Nesfatin-1 levels in the sera of Hashimoto patients.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Subacute thyroiditis (SAT) is an inflammatory disorder of the thyroid gland. Although its etiology is not fully understood, it is believed to occur shortly after viral infections and is mostly associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*35. Cellular immunity is prominent in SAT. Neopterin is produced by activated monocytes/macrophages and is a marker of cellular immunity. Its production is stimulated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ), provided mainly by activated helper T lymphocytes type 1 (Th1) in the adaptive immune system. Therefore, with these cells' activation, an increase in serum neopterin levels is expected. We aimed to evaluate neopterin levels in demonstrating cellular immunity in SAT and compared 15 SAT patients with 16 healthy controls. Since all SAT patients were in the active thyrotoxic phase, we found a significant difference in thyroid functions. Classical inflammatory markers, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein were markedly elevated in the patient group. Although we expected to find an increase considering that cellular immunity is at the forefront in the pathogenesis of SAT, we found serum neopterin levels significantly lower in the patient group than in the control group. There is an increase in CD8+ T cells in the thyroid tissue in SAT. The possible relationship with HLA-B*35- major histocompatibility complex class I in SAT, and the antigen presentation to CD8+ T cells may be the reason why we observed low serum neopterin levels in patients due to the cytokine imbalance. Neopterin provides unique and independent data from classical acute phase response indicators.
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