ArticlePLoS pathogens2022
Targeted mutagenesis in Anaplasma marginale to define virulence and vaccine development against bovine anaplasmosis.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Global Trends in Vaccine Research onMicroorganisms · 2026Review
- A targeted mutational strategy aiding in generating antisense RNA to knockdown theJournal of bacteriology · 2026Article
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- The 'teabag method': tick feeding protocol and the effects of tick feeding on hematological parameters in the canine host.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Prolonged immune response to tick-borne Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection using a genetically modified live vaccine.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Anaplasmosis in the Amazon: diagnostic challenges, persistence, and control ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Review
- Propagation dynamics of Anaplasma marginale in a Brazilian tick cell line (RBME-6) derived from Rhipicephalus microplus.Revista brasileira de parasitologia veterinaria = Brazilian journal of veterinary parasitology : Orgao Oficial do Colegio Brasileiro de Parasitologia Veterinaria · 2025Article
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- Long-Term Protective Immunity againstVaccines · 2024Article
- RipE expression correlates with high ATP levels inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Article
- T Lymphocyte Interferon-gamma Response to Anaplasmataceae-related Major Surface Proteins and Ankyrin A in Fibromyalgia.CNS & neurological disorders drug targets · 2024Article
- Immunization withVaccines · 2023Article
- MultipleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Article
- Recent advances in genetic systems in obligate intracellular human-pathogenic bacteria.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Tick-borne Anaplasma species are obligate, intracellular, bacterial pathogens that cause important diseases globally in people, agricultural animals, and dogs. Targeted mutagenesis methods are yet to be developed to define genes essential for these pathogens. In addition, vaccines conferring protection against diseases caused by Anaplasma species are not available. Here, we describe a targeted mutagenesis method for deletion of the phage head-to-tail connector protein (phtcp) gene in Anaplasma marginale. The mutant did not cause disease and exhibited attenuated growth in its natural host (cattle). We then assessed its ability to confer protection against wild-type A. marginale infection challenge. Additionally, we compared vaccine protection with the mutant to that of whole cell A. marginale inactivated antigens as a vaccine (WCAV) candidate. Upon infection challenge, non-vaccinated control cattle developed severe disease, with an average 57% drop in packed cell volume (PCV) between days 26-31 post infection, an 11% peak in erythrocytic infection, and apparent anisocytosis. Conversely, following challenge, all animals receiving the live mutant did not develop clinical signs or anemia, or erythrocyte infection. In contrast, the WCAV vaccinees developed similar disease as the non-vaccinees following A. marginale infection, though the peak erythrocyte infection reduced to 6% and the PCV dropped 43%. This is the first study describing targeted mutagenesis and its application in determining in vivo virulence and vaccine development for an Anaplasma species pathogen. This study will pave the way for similar research in related Anaplasma pathogens impacting multiple hosts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.