Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35572731›Full record

ArticleBioMed research international2022

Contributions of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Foot Muscles during Functional Standing Postures.

Sarah T Ridge, K Michael Rowley, Toshiyuki Kurihara, Matthew McClung, Jiaxi Tang, Steven Reischl, Kornelia Kulig

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BioMed research international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Hip internal rotation restriction and heel raise mechanics as risk factors for Jones fractures in youth football players.Asia-Pacific journal of sports medicine, arthroscopy, rehabilitation and technology · 2025
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Observational
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Sarah T RidgeDepartment of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1975-0181
K Michael RowleyKinesiology Department, California State University East Bay, Hayward, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0978-1259
Toshiyuki KuriharaDepartment of Sport and Health Science, Ritsumeikan University, Kusatsu, Shiga, Japan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9726-1255
Matthew McClungDepartment of Exercise Sciences, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6985-6603
Jiaxi TangDivision of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Steven ReischlReischl Physical Therapy, Inc., Signal Hill, CA, USA.
Kornelia KuligDivision of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5615-0882

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Purpose: Maintaining balance during static standing postures requires the coordination of many neuromuscular mechanisms. The role of the intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles in this paradigm has yet to be clearly defined. The purpose of this study was to explore foot muscle activation during static phases on common weight-bearing tasks of varying loads and balance demands. Methods: Twenty healthy young adults performed 6 standing postures (single-limb and double-limb stand, squat, and heel raise) with one foot on a force plate. Muscle activity was recorded from the abductor hallucis, flexor hallucis longus and brevis, and tibialis posterior using intramuscular electrodes; surface electrodes were used to record activity from the peroneus longus and tibialis anterior. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA (2 loading conditions × 3 postures) were run to compare muscle activation and center of pressure velocity. Results: Intrinsic foot muscle activity increased as loading and postural demand increased; however, the specific effects varied for each of the extrinsic foot muscles. Conclusions: These results suggest that the intrinsic foot muscles play an important role in maintaining static balance. Strengthening intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscles may help increase stability in people who have weak toe flexors or who suffer from a variety of foot pathologies.

Indexed as

FootPostureHumansMuscle, SkeletalStanding PositionWeight-BearingYoung Adult

Identifiers

PMID35572731
PMCPMC9098302

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.