ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
Distal Consequences of Mucosal Infections in Intestinal and Lung Inflammation.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gut microbiota metabolites in the immunoregulation of enteritis: research progress.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Photodynamic therapy-induced inflammation and adverse effects: An updated review.Biomedical journal · 2026Review
- Epidemiology of microbiological findings in the lower respiratory tract in mechanically ventilated patients with and without inhalation injury.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Observational
- Chaiyin Granules Improve Acute Lung Injury by Regulating Gut Microbiota and Unsaturated Fatty Acid Mediated Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- Hydroxysafflor Yellow A Mitigates Sepsis-Induced Pulmonary and Intestinal Injury by Inhibiting TP53 Mediated Ferroptosis.Infection and drug resistance · 2025Article
- Advancements in immunotherapy for colorectal cancer treatment: a comprehensive review of strategies, challenges, and future prospective.International journal of colorectal disease · 2024Review
- Short-peptide-based enteral nutrition affects rats MDP translocation and protects against gut-lung injury via the PepT1-NOD2-beclin-1 pathway in vivo.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Immune Response to Respiratory Viral Infections.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Forsythiaside A alleviates acute lung injury by inhibiting inflammation and epithelial barrier damages in lung and colon through PPAR-γ/RXR-α complex.Journal of advanced research · 2024Article
- The Impact of Pulmonary Disorders on Neurological Health (Lung-Brain Axis).Immune network · 2024Review
- Gut-lung axis and asthma: A historical review on mechanism and future perspective.Clinical and translational allergy · 2024Review
- Mechanism of Action of Melatonin as a Potential Adjuvant Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Colorectal Cancer.Nutrients · 2024Review
- Exploring the immune-inflammatory mechanism of Maxing Shigan Decoction in treating influenza virus A-induced pneumonia based on an integrated strategy of single-cell transcriptomics and systems biology.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Review
- Article
- Human metapneumovirus respiratory infection affects both innate and adaptive intestinal immunity.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Bridging of host-microbiota tryptophan partitioning by the serotonin pathway in fungal pneumonia.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Gut microbiota short-chain fatty acids and their impact on the host thyroid function and diseases.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Review
- Intestinal microbiota analysis and network pharmacology reveal the mechanism by which Lianhua Qingwen capsule improves the immune function of mice infected with influenza A virus.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Infectious diseases are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide, affecting high-risk populations such as children and the elderly. Pathogens usually activate local immune responses at the site of infection, resulting in both protective and inflammatory responses, which may lead to local changes in the microbiota, metabolites, and the cytokine environment. Although some pathogens can disseminate and cause systemic disease, increasing evidence suggests that local infections can affect tissues not directly invaded. In particular, diseases occurring at distal mucosal barriers such as the lung and the intestine seem to be linked, as shown by epidemiological studies in humans. These mucosal barriers have bidirectional interactions based mainly on multiple signals derived from the microbiota, which has been termed as the gut-lung axis. However, the effects observed in such distal places are still incompletely understood. Most of the current research focuses on the systemic impact of changes in microbiota and bacterial metabolites during infection, which could further modulate immune responses at distal tissue sites. Here, we describe how the gut microbiota and associated metabolites play key roles in maintaining local homeostasis and preventing enteric infection by direct and indirect mechanisms. Subsequently, we discuss recent murine and human studies linking infectious diseases with changes occurring at distal mucosal barriers, with particular emphasis on bacterial and viral infections affecting the lung and the gastrointestinal tract. Further, we discuss the potential mechanisms by which pathogens may cause such effects, promoting either protection or susceptibility to secondary infection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.