ArticleFrontiers in public health2022
Examining Social Determinants of Health During a Pandemic: Clinical Application of Z Codes Before and During COVID-19.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Use of Z-codes related to social determinants of health among adult inpatients in France: a nationwide study from 2014 to 2022.BMC public health · 2025Observational
- State law at the intersection of lung cancer screening guidelines and social determinants of health.Journal of cancer policy · 2025Article
- Stressful life events in electronic health records: a scoping review.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2024Article
- Social determinants of health Z-code documentation practices in mental health settings: a scoping review.Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
- Associations between Social Adversities and Chronic Medical Conditions in a Statewide Sample of Individuals in Treatment for Mental Illnesses.Community mental health journal · 2024Article
- Realizing the potential of social determinants data in EHR systems: A scoping review of approaches for screening, linkage, extraction, analysis, and interventions.Journal of clinical and translational science · 2024Article
- Hospital use of common Z-codes for Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries, 2017-2021.Health affairs scholar · 2024Article
- A Multicenter Retrospective Database Evaluation of Pediatric Patients Diagnosed With Tinea Capitis.The Permanente journal · 2023Article
- Stressful life events in electronic health records: a scoping review.Research square · 2023Article
- Social Risk Factors are Associated with Risk for Hospitalization in Home Health Care: A Natural Language Processing Study.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association · 2023Article
- Comparison of social determinants of health in Medicaid vs commercial health plans.Health affairs scholar · 2023Article
- A marker-based neural network system for extracting social determinants of health.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2023Article
- Assessment and Documentation of Social Determinants of Health Among Health Care Providers: Qualitative Study.JMIR formative research · 2023Article
- Calling Your Aunt Bertha for Social Assets: Family Medicine and Social Determinants of Health.Journal of primary care & community healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Recognition of the impact of social determinants of health (SDoH) on healthcare outcomes, healthcare service utilization, and population health has prompted a global shift in focus to patient social needs and lived experiences in assessment and treatment. The International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-10-CM) provides a list of non-billable "Z codes" specific to SDoH for use in electronic health records. Using population-level analysis, this study aims to examine clinical application of Z codes in South Carolina before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study population consists of South Carolina residents who had a healthcare visit and had their COVID-19 test result reported to the state's Department of Health and Environmental Control before January 14, 2021. Of the 1,190,531 individuals in the overall sample, Z codes were used only for 14,665 (1.23%) of the patients, including 2,536 (0.97%) COVID-positive patients and 12,129 (1.30%) COVID-negative patients. Compared with hospitals that did not use Z codes, those that did were significantly more likely to have higher bed capacity (
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.