Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35569607›Full record

ArticleJournal of affective disorders2022

Closed doors: Predictors of stress, anxiety, depression, and PTSD during the onset of COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil.

Vitor Crestani Calegaro, Luis Francisco Ramos-Lima, Mauricio Scopel Hoffmann, Gustavo Zoratto, Natália Kerber, Fernanda Coloniese Dala Costa, Vitor Daniel Picinin, Julia Köchler, Leonardo Rodrigues, Luisa Maciel and 9 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of affective disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Dissociative symptoms during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic situation in mental health patients.Borderline personality disorder and emotion dysregulation · 2026
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  4. Binge drinking in Brazil during the COVID-19 pandemic: why does gender still matter?Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Vitor Crestani CalegaroDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Educational Actions Coordination, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; University Hospital of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address: vitor.calegaro@ufsm.br.
Luis Francisco Ramos-LimaDepartmento de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, Brazil.
Mauricio Scopel HoffmannDepartment of Neuropsychiatry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National Institute of Developmental Psychiatry for Children and Adolescents (INCT-CNPq), São Paulo, Brazil; Care Policy and Evaluation Centre, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, United Kingdom.
Gustavo ZorattoCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Natália KerberCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Fernanda Coloniese Dala CostaCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Vitor Daniel PicininCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Julia KöchlerCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Leonardo RodriguesCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Luisa MacielCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Luiza Elizabete BraunCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Fernando Leite GirardiCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Gabriel Olerich CecattoCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Leopoldo Pompeo WeberCourse of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Bruna Fragoso RodriguesMulti-professional Residency, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Alessandra Naimaier BertolaziUniversity Hospital of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Medical Clinic, Federal University of Santa Maria.
Juliana Motta de OliveiraPostgraduate Program of Communication, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Bianca Lorenzi NegrettoInstitute of Psychiatry of Santa Catarina.
Andrea Feijó de MelloPostgraduate Program in Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe rise in mental health problems in the population directly or indirectly because of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a major concern. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare independent predictors of symptoms of stress, anxiety, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in Brazilians one month after the implementation of measures of social distancing.

methodsThis cross-sectional study was performed using a web-based survey. The Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5) were the outcomes. Data were gathered regarding demographics, social distancing, economic problems, exposure to the news of the pandemic, psychiatric history, sleep disturbances, traumatic situations, and substance use. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test - Consumption (AUDIT-C) was also administered. The predictors of the symptoms were investigated using hierarchical multiple linear regression.

resultsOf a sample of 3587 participants, approximately two-thirds considered that their mental health worsened after the beginning of the social restriction measures. The most important predictors of the symptoms investigated were the intensity of the distress related to the news of the pandemic, younger age, current psychiatric diagnosis, trouble sleeping, emotional abuse or violence, and economic problems.

conclusionsThese results confirmed the hypothesis that the pandemic impacted the mental health of the population and indicated that the level of distress related to the news was the most important predictor of psychological suffering.

Indexed as

AlcoholismCOVID-19Sleep Wake DisordersStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticAnxietyBrazilCross-Sectional StudiesDepressionHumansPandemicsSARS-CoV-2Stress, PsychologicalAnxietyCOVID-19DepressionPandemicPost-traumaticStress disorders

Identifiers

PMID35569607
PMCPMC9107931

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.