ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2022
Different Effects of Cigarette Smoke, Heated Tobacco Product and E-Cigarette Vapour on Orbital Fibroblasts in Graves' Orbitopathy; a Study by Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing.
Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Evaluation of Cigarette Smoke and a Heated Tobacco Product on Corneal Oxidative Stress in an Air/Liquid Interface Model.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2025Article
- Review
- Environmental pollutants and phosphoinositide signaling in autoimmunity.Journal of hazardous materials · 2024Review
- A scoping review of the toxicity and health impact of IQOS.Tobacco induced diseases · 2024Article
- Metabolic and Other Endocrine Elements with Regard to Lifestyle Choices: Focus on E-Cigarettes.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Adrenal Insufficiency Due to Inhaled Etomidate in Electronic Cigarettes.AACE endocrinology and diabetesArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Thyroid autoimmunity in Graves’ disease (GD) is accompanied by Graves’ orbitopathy (GO) in 40% of the cases. Orbital fibroblasts (OF) play a key role in the pathogenesis and cigarette smoking is a known deteriorating factor. Alongside conventional cigarettes (CC) new alternatives became available for smokers, including heated tobacco products (HTP) and E-cigarettes (ECIG). We aimed to study the cellular effects of smoke extracts (SE) in orbital fibroblasts. Primary OF cultures from GO and NON-GO orbits were exposed to different concentrations of SE (1%, 50%) and the changes were followed using Real Time Cell Electronic Sensing (RT-CES). Untreated GO and NON-GO cells had different maximum cell index (CI) values of 3.3 and 2.79 respectively (p < 0.0001). CC, HTP and ECIG treated NON-GO fibroblasts exhibited peak CIs of 2.62, 3.32 and 3.41 while treated GO cells’ CIs were higher, 5.38, 6.25 and 6.33, respectively (p < 0.0001). The metabolic activity (MTT) decreased (p < 0.001) and hyaluronan production doubled (p < 0.02) after 50% of CC SE treatment in all cell cultures. GO fibroblasts were more sensitive to low concentration SE then NON-GO fibroblasts (p < 0.0001). The studied SEs exerted different effects. RT-CES is a sensitive technique to detect the effects of very low concentration of SE on fibroblasts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.