ArticleNutrients2022
Effect of Cold Storage on the Viable and Total Bacterial Populations in Human Milk.
Article in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stool microbial composition is associated with recent and future diarrhea and fever events in breastfed Danish infants.mSystems · 2026Observational
- Impact of Pasteurization and Storage on the Microbiological Composition and Lipid Degradation of Human Milk Cream.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Seasonal Differences in Effects of Microbial Communities on Duckweed Traits.Ecology and evolution · 2025Article
- Pumping and hygiene practices are associated with bacterial load and microbial composition in human milk expressed at home.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Viable bacterial communities in freshly pumped human milk and their changes during cold storage conditions.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Observational
- A microbial symphony: a literature review of the factors that orchestrate the colonization dynamics of the human colonic microbiome during infancy and implications for future health.Microbiome research reports · 2025Review
- Milk microbiome transplantation: recolonizing donor milk with mother's own milk microbiota.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Article
- The role of antibiotic exposure and the effects of breastmilk and human milk feeding on the developing infant gut microbiome.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Analysis of microbial composition and sharing in low-biomass human milk samples: a comparison of DNA isolation and sequencing techniques.ISME communications · 2023Article
- Associations among Milk Microbiota, Milk Fatty Acids, Milk Glycans, and Inflammation from Lactating Holstein Cows.Microbiology spectrum · 2023Article
- Human Milk Lipids and Small Metabolites: Maternal and Microbial Origins.Metabolites · 2023Review
- Effect of in vitro cultivation on human gut microbiota composition using 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing and metabolomics approach.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Metagenomic assessment of the bacterial breastfeeding microbiome in mature milk across lactation.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Perspective: Human Milk Composition and Related Data for National Health and Nutrition Monitoring and Related Research.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Expression and cold storage of human milk is a common practice. Current guidelines for cold storage of expressed milk do not take into account the impact on the milk microbiome. Here, we investigated the impact of cold storage on viable bacterial populations in human milk. Freshly expressed milk samples (n = 10) were collected and analysed immediately, stored at 4 °C for four days, −20 °C for 2.25 months and 6 months, and −80 °C for 6 months. Samples were analysed using propidium monoazide (PMA; a cell viability dye) coupled with full-length 16S rRNA gene. An aliquot of each sample was additionally analysed without PMA to assess the impact of cold storage on the total DNA profile of human milk. Cold storage significantly altered the composition of both the viable microbiome and total bacterial DNA profile, with differences in the relative abundance of several OTUs observed across each storage condition. However, cold storage did not affect the richness nor diversity of the samples (PERMANOVA all p > 0.2). Storage of human milk under typical and recommended conditions results in alterations to the profile of viable bacteria, with potential implications for infant gut colonisation and infant health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.