Observational studyNutrients2022
Prevalence of Micronutrient Deficiencies in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19: An Observational Cohort Study.
Observational study in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Selenium serum levels in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of nutritional science · 2023Pooled it
- Risk of Malnutrition in Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Folic Acid and Endothelial Dysfunction in COVID-19.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Association between serum minerals and malnutrition assessed by GLIM among hospitalized adults: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Sustained Shifts in Dietary Supplement Use Years After COVID-19: A Post-Pandemic Evaluation of Behaviors, Perceptions, and Predictors of Change in Jordan.Risk management and healthcare policy · 2026Article
- Low vitamin C concentrations and prognosis in critically ill children.Acute and critical care · 2025Article
- Systematic Review of the Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Systems and Society-The Role of Diagnostics and Nutrition in Pandemic Response.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- Pre-Infection Nutritional Status, Oxidative Stress, and One-Year-Long COVID Persistence in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis: A Prospective Cohort Study.Clinics and practice · 2024Article
- Impacts of COVID-19 on Food Choices and Eating Behavior among New Zealand University Students.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Prevalence and determinants of micronutrient deficiencies in malnourished older hospitalized patients.The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Observational
- Association of vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine with COVID-19 severity and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis.SAGE open medicine · 2024Review
- Retinol Levels and Severity of Patients with COVID-19.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Zinc and selenium status in coronavirus disease 2019.Biometals : an international journal on the role of metal ions in biology, biochemistry, and medicine · 2023Review
- Association of Trace Element Levels with Outcomes in Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Could Selenium Supplementation Prevent COVID-19? A Comprehensive Review of Available Studies.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Natural Ingredients to Improve Immunity.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Observational
- The Effects of Nutrition on Chronic Conditions.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Effect of Folic Acid Treatment for Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)-Related Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP): A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundA higher risk for severe clinical courses of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been linked to deficiencies of several micronutrients. We therefore studied the prevalence of deficiencies of eight different micronutrients in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19-patients.
methodsWe measured admission serum/plasma levels of vitamins A, B12, D, and E, as well as folic acid, zinc, selenium, and copper in 57 consecutively admitted adult patients with confirmed COVID-19 and analyzed prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies and correlations among micronutrient levels. Further, we studied associations of micronutrient levels with severe disease progression, a composite endpoint consisting of in-hospital mortality and/or need for intensive care unit (ICU) treatment with logistic regression.
resultsMedian age was 67.0 years (IQR 60.0, 74.2) and 60% (
conclusionsWe found a high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in mostly older patients hospitalized for COVID-19, particularly regarding selenium, vitamin D, vitamin A, and zinc. Several deficiencies were associated with a higher risk for more severe COVID-19 courses. Whether supplementation of micronutrients is useful for prevention of severe clinical courses or treatment of COVID-19 warrants further research.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.