SynthesisNutrients2022
Diet and Risk of Gastric Cancer: An Umbrella Review.
Synthesis in Nutrients, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances exposure and risk of gastrointestinal cancers: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2025Pooled it
- Body mass index and gastric cancer risk: results from the Stomach Cancer Pooling Project Consortium.International journal of epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Fish consumption and gastric cancer within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project.Scientific reports · 2025Pooled it
- Environmental Protective and Risk Factors for Gastric Cancer: An Umbrella Review and Reanalysis of Meta-Analyses.Journal of gastric cancer · 2025Pooled it
- Association between priori and posteriori dietary patterns and gastric cancer risk: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.European journal of cancer prevention : the official journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP) · 2025Pooled it
- The association between physical activity and risk of gastric cancer; an umbrella review.BMC gastroenterology · 2024Pooled it
- Effect of Dietary Salt Intake on Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.Nutrients · 2022Pooled it
- Meat Intake and Risk of Gastric and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study.International journal of cancer · 2026Article
- Alcohol amount, drinking patterns, and gastric cancer risk: a nationwide study using targeted maximum likelihood estimation.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Adherence to pro-vegetarian dietary patterns and gastric cancer risk: a pooled analysis of the StoP Consortium.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026Article
- Dietary Factors Associated With the Progression of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia: A Multicenter, Prospective Cohort Study in a Western Population.Clinical and translational gastroenterology · 2026Article
- Causal relationships between salt intake and gastric cancer: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Causal effects of drug exposure on gastric cancer risk: a Mendelian randomization study involving 23 commonly used medications in the European population.Discover oncology · 2026Article
- Associations Between Pepsinogen Levels and Various Health Indicators in a Healthy Guangzhou Population.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Article
- Comprehensive 16s rRNA sequencing and metabolomics to investigate the effect of anticancer bioactive peptides combined with oxaliplatin on gastric cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Effects of Dietary Interventions on Nutritional Status in Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancers: A Systematic Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Article
- Artificial intelligence-driven personalized dietary recommendations for gastric cancer high-risk populations: a narrative review.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Evolving Molecular Subtypes of Gastric Cancer: From Past Classifications to Present Consensus and Future Directions for Precision Therapy.Journal of gastric cancer · 2026Review
- Inflammatory, antioxidant, and gut microbiota-related dietary indices and gastric cancer risk: a case-control study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Several dietary exposures have been associated with gastric cancer (GC), but the associations are often heterogenous and may be afflicted by inherent biases. In the context of an Umbrella Review (UR), we provide an overview and a critical evaluation of the strength and quality, and evidence classification of the associations of diet-related exposures in relation to the risk of GC. We searched PubMed and Scopus for eligible meta-analyses of observational studies published in English from inception to 12 December 2021, and for any identified association, we applied robust epidemiological validity evaluation criteria and individual study quality assessment using AMSTAR. We screened 3846 titles/abstracts and assessed 501 full articles for eligibility, of which 49 were included in the analysis, investigating 147 unique exposures in relation to GC, cardia (GCC) or non-cardia (GNCC) cancer. Supported by suggestive evidence, positive associations were found comparing the highest vs. lowest categories for: heavy (>42 g/day) alcohol consumption (Relative Risk (RR) = 1.42, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.20−1.67), salted fish consumption (RR = 1.56, 95% CI:1.30−1.87) and waist circumference (RR = 1.48, 95% CI:1.24−1.78) and an inverse association for the healthy lifestyle index (RR = 0.60, 95% CI:0.48−0.74) in relation to GC. Additionally, a positive association was found comparing obese individuals (Body Mass Index (BMI) ≥ 30) to normal-weight individuals (BMI: 18.5−25) (RR = 1.82, 95% CI:1.32−2.49) in relation to GCC. Most of the meta-analyses were of medium-to-high quality (median items: 7.0, interquartile range: 6−9). Maintaining a normal body weight and adopting healthy dietary choices, in particular, limiting the consumption of salt-preserved foods and alcohol, can reduce the risk of gastric cancer.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.