Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35565037›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2022

Achieving Minimum Standards for Infection Prevention and Control in Sierra Leone: Urgent Need for a Quantum Leap in Progress in the COVID-19 Era!

Bobson Derrick Fofanah, Arpine Abrahamyan, Anna Maruta, Christiana Kallon, Pruthu Thekkur, Ibrahim Franklyn Kamara, Charles Kuria Njuguna, James Sylvester Squire, Joseph Sam Kanu, Abdulai Jawo Bah and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed.

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  10. High level of infection prevention and control in surveyed hospitals in Colombia, 2021.Revista panamericana de salud publica = Pan American journal of public health · 2023
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Bobson Derrick FofanahWorld Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.ORCID 0000-0003-3276-8949
Arpine AbrahamyanTuberculosis Research and Prevention Center (TBRPC), Yerevan 0014, Armenia.
Anna MarutaWorld Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.ORCID 0000-0002-6417-7273
Christiana KallonNational Infection Prevention and Control Coordinating Unit, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.
Pruthu ThekkurCentre for Operational Research, International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, 75001 Paris, France.ORCID 0000-0001-5257-5074
Ibrahim Franklyn KamaraWorld Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.ORCID 0000-0003-1454-4650
Charles Kuria NjugunaWorld Health Organization Country Office, 21A-B Riverside Drive, Brookfields, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.
James Sylvester SquireDirectorate of Health Security and Emergencies, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.ORCID 0000-0002-8593-7972
Joseph Sam KanuDirectorate of Health Security and Emergencies, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.ORCID 0000-0003-0799-6907
Abdulai Jawo BahCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.
Sulaiman LakohCollege of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.ORCID 0000-0002-7639-0004
Dauda KamaraWater, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Program, Ministry of Health and Sanitation, Freetown 00232, Sierra Leone.
Veerle HermansMédecins Sans Frontières, Operational Centre Brussels, 68, Rue de Gasperich, 1617 Luxembourg, Belgium.
Rony ZachariahUNICEF, UNDP, World Bank, WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), Avenue Appia 20, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland.ORCID 0000-0002-2915-9328

Funding

World Health Organization 001
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionGood Infection prevention and control (IPC) is vital for tackling antimicrobial resistance and limiting health care-associated infections. We compared IPC performance before (2019) and during the COVID-19 (2021) era at the national IPC unit and all regional (4) and district hospitals (8) in Sierra Leone.

methodsCross-sectional assessments using standardized World Health Organizations IPC checklists. IPC performance scores were graded as inadequate = 0-25%, basic = 25.1-50%, intermediate = 50.1-75%, and advanced = 75.1-100%.

resultsOverall performance improved from 'basic' to 'intermediate' at the national IPC unit (41% in 2019 to 58% in 2021) and at regional hospitals (37% in 2019 to 54% in 2021) but remained 'basic' at district hospitals (37% in 2019 to 50% in 2021). Priority gaps at the national IPC unit included lack of: a dedicated IPC budget, monitoring the effectiveness of IPC trainings and health care-associated infection surveillance. Gaps at hospitals included no assessment of hospital staffing needs, inadequate infrastructure for IPC and lack of a well-defined monitoring plan with clear goals, targets and activities.

conclusionAlthough there is encouraging progress in IPC performance, it is slower than desired in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is urgent need to mobilize political will, leadership and resources and make a quantum leap forward.

Indexed as

COVID-19Cross InfectionCross-Sectional StudiesHumansInfection ControlPandemicsSierra LeoneEbolahealth care-associated infectionIPCAFIPCATIPC programmeoperational researchSORT ITuniversal health coverageWASH

Identifiers

PMID35565037
PMCPMC9102022

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.