ArticleCells2022
RETRACTED: Crocin Inhibits Angiogenesis and Metastasis in Colon Cancer via TNF-α/NF-kB/VEGF Pathways.
Article in Cells, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 83 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
83 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 126 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Metabolomic, in vitro and preclinical evaluation of Auricularia polytricha mushroom.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Harnessing Natural Compounds in Psoriasis: Targeting Cellular Pathways for Effective Therapy.Phytotherapy research : PTR · 2026Review
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- Tissue Homogenate VEGF Levels in Malignant Salivary Gland Tumors vs. Controls: An Exploratory Pilot Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- PRMT5/Sohlh2/Sirt1 Signaling Pathway in Vascular Endothelial Cells Modulates Lung Metastasis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- 3'-sialyllactose inhibits the migration and invasion of LPS-induced B16F10 mouse melanoma cells through inactivation of the NF-Glycoconjugate journal · 2026Article
- QD394 induces ferroptosis and suppresses the proliferation of colorectal cancer via the SP1/JNK pathway.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Article
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- LncRNA FEZF1-AS1 promotes the tumorigenesis and suppresses ferroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer through the TNF-α/NF-κB pathway.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026Article
- Nicotine suppresses ferroptosis in colon cancer cells via HMOX1/NF-κB pathway to reduce oxaliplatin sensitivity.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Article
- From Stigma to Therapy: Pharmacological Insights into Saffron Bioactives for Major Non-Communicable Diseases.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Microbial metabolic profiling reshapes NF-κB-mediated immune metabolic network: a new mechanism for CRC development.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Cytokine and chemokine networks in colorectal cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- PTPN12 is a novel biomarker associated with genomic instability, therapeutic potentials, and immunomodulator in colorectal cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Multi-omics integration identifies ganoderic acid A as a TNFα inhibitor for treating sepsis-related liver injury.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Erbin Inhibited AngiogenesisCurrent medicinal chemistry · 2026Article
- Systems pharmacology approaches decipher the anti-cancer efficacy of ethnopharmacological agents in hepatocellular carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
23 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Retracted
Authors and funding
10 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Angiogenesis and metastasis play pivotal roles in the progression of cancer. We recently discovered that crocin, a dietary carotenoid derived from the Himalayan crocus, inhibited the growth of colon cancer cells. However, the exact role of crocin on the angiogenesis and metastasis in colorectal cancer remains unclear. In the present study, we demonstrated that crocin significantly reduces the viability of colon cancer cells (HT-29, Caco-2) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), but was not toxic to human colon epithelial (HCEC) cells. Furthermore, pre-treatment of human carcinoma cells (HT-29 and Caco-2) with crocin inhibited cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis in concentration -dependent manner. Further studies demonstrated that crocin inhibited TNF-α, NF-κB and VEGF pathways in colon carcinoma cell angiogenesis and metastasis. Crocin also inhibited cell migration, invasion, and tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in a concentration -dependent manner. We also observed that crocin significantly reduced the secretion of VEGF and TNF-α induced activation of NF-kB by human colon carcinoma cells. In the absence of TNF-α, a concentration-dependent reduction in NF-kB was observed. Many of these observations were confirmed by in vivo angiogenesis models, which showed that crocin significantly reduced the progression of tumour growth. Collectively, these finding suggest that crocin inhibits angiogenesis and colorectal cancer cell metastasis by targeting NF-kB and blocking TNF-α/NF-κB/VEGF pathways.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.