ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Camelid Single-Domain Antibodies: Promises and Challenges as Lifesaving Treatments.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 83 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Rational Design and Characterization of a Mutated Nanobody for Specific Targeting of Heparan Sulfate.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The Promise of Single-Domain Antibodies as Ocular Therapeutics: A Narrative Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Comprehensive Mapping of Immune Nanobody Repertoires with NanoMAP.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Developability Evaluation of Single-Domain Antibody-Chelator Conjugates for Diagnostic Radiotracers.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Enhancing the sensitivity of nanobodies through covalent and non-covalent polymerization.RSC advances · 2026Article
- A comprehensive strategy for pandemic preparedness with neutralizing monoclonal antibodies.mAbs · 2025Article
- Article
- Switchable Retargeting of Lentiviral Vectors Through a VSV-G-Binding Adapter Molecule.Viruses · 2025Article
- Species-Dependent Structural Variations in Single-Domain Antibodies.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Protein Engineering and Drug Discovery: Importance, Methodologies, Challenges, and Prospects.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Enhancing Antigen Recognition of Living Cells by Site-Specific VHH Antibody Conjugation.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2025Article
- Structure-Guided Stapling of Dimeric Conformations and Linker Engineering Enhance Thermostability and Fine-Tune Activity of Bispecific VHH Cytokine Agonists.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Computational refinement and multivalent engineering of complementarity-determining region-grafted nanobodies on a humanized scaffold for retaining antiviral efficacy.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Characterization of a Potential Therapeutic Anti-Canine PD-1 Single Domain Antibody Produced in Yeast.Veterinary sciences · 2025Article
- The Molecular Toolbox for Linkage Type-Specific Analysis of Ubiquitin Signaling.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2025Review
- A synthetic heavy chain variable domain antibody library (VHL) provides highly functional antibodies with favorable developability.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Trends in nanobody technology in industrialization.Discover nano · 2025Review
- A Highly Sensitive Immunoassay to Enable Quantification of a Nanobody-Based Imaging Agent in Human Serum.The AAPS journal · 2025Article
- Characteristics and Genomic Localization of Nurse Shark (International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Since the discovery of camelid heavy-chain antibodies in 1993, there has been tremendous excitement for these antibody domains (VHHs/sdAbs/nanobodies) as research tools, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Commercially, several patents were granted to pioneering research groups in Belgium and the Netherlands between 1996-2001. Ablynx was established in 2001 with the aim of exploring the therapeutic applications and development of nanobody drugs. Extensive efforts over two decades at Ablynx led to the first approved nanobody drug, caplacizumab (Cablivi) by the EMA and FDA (2018-2019) for the treatment of rare blood clotting disorders in adults with acquired thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TPP). The relatively long development time between camelid sdAb discovery and their entry into the market reflects the novelty of the approach, together with intellectual property restrictions and freedom-to-operate issues. The approval of the first sdAb drug, together with the expiration of key patents, may open a new horizon for the emergence of camelid sdAbs as mainstream biotherapeutics in the years to come. It remains to be seen if nanobody-based drugs will be cheaper than traditional antibodies. In this review, I provide critical perspectives on camelid sdAbs and present the promises and challenges to their widespread adoption as diagnostic and therapeutic agents.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.