ArticleBMC public health2022
Combining education and income into a socioeconomic position score for use in studies of health inequalities.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 111 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Impact of Food Insecurity on Malnutrition Treatment Response in Nigerian Children With Sickle Cell Anemia and Severe Acute Malnutrition.Pediatric blood & cancer · 2025Trial
- Strain and recovery activities over a week predict short-term changes in processing speed measured in everyday environments: A survey response-time study in workers from a large internet panel.Neuropsychology · 2026Article
- Individual and composite socioeconomic inequalities in diagnosis, treatment, and survival of kidney cancer: a population-based analysis of the SEER database.World journal of urology · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic differences in the intensity of end-of-life care among patients with cancer: a population-based study in the Lazio region, Italy.European journal of public health · 2026Observational
- Association Between Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis and Target Glycemic Control in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes.Arthritis care & research · 2026Observational
- Absolute and relative socioeconomic inequalities in cancer screening participation among adults aged 40-74 years in South Korea: a repeated cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Socioeconomic inequalities in health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic: a six-country comparison using the EQ-5D-5 L.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2026Article
- Rental housing may contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in upper respiratory infections.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- The social integration-health nexus for elderly migrants: evidence from China migrants dynamic survey.BMC geriatrics · 2026Article
- Prevalence and determinants of ageism experiences in the Singapore population: insights from the HEalthy LOngevity (HELO) survey.GeroScience · 2026Article
- A Bayesian mixture model approach to examining neighbourhood social determinants of health in endometrial cancer care in Massachusetts.Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series A, (Statistics in Society) · 2026Article
- Differences in plant- and animal-based protein sources consumed across socioeconomic groups in The Netherlands and their associated environmental impact.European journal of nutrition · 2026Article
- Impact of financial deprivation in first-episode psychosis: a prospective 4-year follow-up study.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2026Article
- The Effect of Low Socioeconomic Status on the Leptin-to-Adiponectin Ratio.Nursing open · 2026Review
- Risk of Suicide in Patients With Traumatic Injuries.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Socio-Demographic and Health Determinants of Overnutrition in Hungarian Women Aged 65 Years and Older.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Geographical and socio-economic inequalities in years of life lost across Norwegian municipalities and city districts in 2019: an ecological registry-based study.European journal of public health · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn studies of social inequalities in health, there is no consensus on the best measure of socioeconomic position (SEP). Moreover, subjective indicators are increasingly used to measure SEP. The aim of this paper was to develop a composite score for SEP based on weighted combinations of education and income in estimating subjective SEP, and examine how this score performs in predicting inequalities in health-related quality of life (HRQoL).
methodsWe used data from a comprehensive health survey from Northern Norway, conducted in 2015/16 (N = 21,083). A composite SEP score was developed using adjacent-category logistic regression of subjective SEP as a function of four education and four household income levels. Weights were derived based on these indicators' coefficients in explaining variations in respondents' subjective SEP. The composite SEP score was further applied to predict inequalities in HRQoL, measured by the EQ-5D and a visual analogue scale.
resultsEducation seemed to influence SEP the most, while income added weight primarily for the highest income category. The weights demonstrated clear non-linearities, with large jumps from the middle to the higher SEP score levels. Analyses of the composite SEP score indicated a clear social gradient in both HRQoL measures.
conclusionsWe provide new insights into the relative contribution of education and income as sources of SEP, both separately and in combination. Combining education and income into a composite SEP score produces more comprehensive estimates of the social gradient in health. A similar approach can be applied in any cohort study that includes education and income data.
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