Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35560992›Full record

ArticleMolecular ecology2023

Comparative genomics among cyst nematodes reveals distinct evolutionary histories among effector families and an irregular distribution of effector-associated promoter motifs.

Joris J M van Steenbrugge, Sven van den Elsen, Martijn Holterman, Jose L Lozano-Torres, Vera Putker, Peter Thorpe, Aska Goverse, Mark G Sterken, Geert Smant, Johannes Helder

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular ecology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
16citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

16 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Adaptation ofEvolutionary applications · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis of the Polyploidy Cyst Nematode,International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. A variant of the venom allergen-like protein,Frontiers in plant science · 2023
    Article
  16. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Joris J M van SteenbruggeLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9961-2538
Sven van den ElsenLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Martijn HoltermanLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Jose L Lozano-TorresLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Vera PutkerLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Peter ThorpeSchool of Medicine, Medical & Biological Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St Andrews, UK.
Aska GoverseLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Mark G SterkenLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Geert SmantLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
Johannes HelderLaboratory of Nematology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Potato cyst nematodes (PCNs), an umbrella term used for two species, Globodera pallida and G. rostochiensis, belong worldwide to the most harmful pathogens of potato. Pathotype-specific host plant resistances are essential for PCN control. However, the poor delineation of G. pallida pathotypes has hampered the efficient use of available host plant resistances. Long-read sequencing technology allowed us to generate a new reference genome of G. pallida population D383 and, as compared to the current reference, the new genome assembly is 42 times less fragmented. For comparison of diversification patterns of six effector families between G. pallida and G. rostochiensis, an additional reference genome was generated for an outgroup, the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii (IRS population). Large evolutionary contrasts in effector family topologies were observed. While VAPs (venom allergen-like proteins) diversified before the split between the three cyst nematode species, the families GLAND5 and GLAND13 only expanded in PCNs after their separation from the genus Heterodera. Although DNA motifs in the promoter regions thought to be involved in the orchestration of effector expression ("DOG boxes") were present in all three cyst nematode species, their presence is not a necessity for dorsal gland-produced effectors. Notably, DOG box dosage was only loosely correlated with the expression level of individual effector variants. Comparison of the G. pallida genome with those of two other cyst nematodes underlined the fundamental differences in evolutionary history between effector families. Resequencing of PCN populations with different virulence characteristics will allow for the linking of these characteristics to the composition of the effector repertoire as well as for the mapping of PCN diversification patterns resulting from extreme anthropogenic range expansion.

Indexed as

GenomicsNematodaAnimalsAntioxidantsPromoter Regions, GeneticSequence Analysis, DNAAntioxidantscyst nematodesDOG boxGloboderaHeteroderanematode effectors

Identifiers

PMID35560992
PMCPMC10946958

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.