ArticleFrontiers in pharmacology2022
Factors Influencing Background Incidence Rate Calculation: Systematic Empirical Evaluation Across an International Network of Observational Databases.
Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Diabetes risk in HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort evidence.HIV medicine · 2026Pooled it
- The Role Of Drug Indication On Incidence Rate Heterogeneity: A Large-Scale, Systematic Evaluation Across An International Network Of Observational Databases.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Recommendations to Enable Broader Use of Real-World Evidence to Inform Decision-Making Throughout Pharmacovigilance Signal Management.Pharmacoepidemiology and drug safety · 2025Review
- Background rates of medical events of interest before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal cohort study using claims data.BMJ open · 2025Article
- Background incidence rates from electronic healthcare databases for vaccine safety monitoring: review of challenges from the COVID-19 vaccination campaign and proposal for best practices.Frontiers in drug safety and regulation · 2025Article
- Estimating the burden of diseases attributed to PMScientific reports · 2024Article
- Observational
- Automating incidence and prevalence analysis in open cohorts.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Lessons Learned on Observed-to-Expected Analysis Using Spontaneous Reports During Mass Vaccination.Drug safety · 2024Article
- Evaluating the impact of alternative phenotype definitions on incidence rates across a global data network.JAMIA open · 2023Article
- Assessing vaccine safety during a pandemic: Recent experience and lessons learned for the future.Vaccine · 2023Review
- Contextualising adverse events of special interest to characterise the baseline incidence rates in 24 million patients with COVID-19 across 26 databases: a multinational retrospective cohort study.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- COVID-19 vaccination effectiveness rates by week and sources of bias: a retrospective cohort study.BMJ open · 2022Article
- Characterizing Anchoring Bias in Vaccine Comparator Selection Due to Health Care Utilization With COVID-19 and Influenza: Observational Cohort Study.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
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Abstract
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.