ReviewFrontiers in surgery2022
Exoscope as a Teaching Tool: A Narrative Review of the Literature.
Review in Frontiers in surgery, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Exoscope versus microscope in spine surgery: A meta-analysis based on procedure-specific subgroup analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2026Pooled it
- Prospective evaluation of the VITOM 3D exoscope in ear surgery compared with surgical microscopes: part II-optical performance, handling, workload and ergonomics.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Trial
- Microscopic Fasciectomy in Dupuytren Disease: Early Clinical Outcomes and Technical Advantages-A District General Hospital Experience.Journal of hand surgery global online · 2026Article
- Ear Surgery Training: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Review
- Resection margins in transoral oropharyngeal surgery: comparative analysis of robotic and VITOM Eagle-assisted exoscopic approaches.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
- Exoscope-assisted spine surgery: Insights from orthopedic and neurosurgical teams through a survey.Brain & spine · 2026Article
- Implementation of ORBEYEMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Educational Impact of an Annotation System Integrated with an Exoscope for Cerebral Aneurysm Surgery: Case Description.Acta neurochirurgica. Supplement · 2025Article
- Comparison of surgical exoscope versus operating microscope in spine surgery: A Surgeon's perspective.Brain & spine · 2025Article
- Comparison of operative microscope and exoscope for execution of microanastomoses on an artificial model.Frontiers in surgery · 2025Article
- Advancements in surgical skills through short-term training with surgical 3D exoscopes.Neurosurgical review · 2024Article
- Exoscopic microneurosurgery in pediatric brain tumors: an ideal tool for complex and peculiar anatomo-topographic scenarios?Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Article
- From Microscopic to Exoscopic Microsurgery: Are We Facing a Change of Paradigm?Advances and technical standards in neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Assessment of head-mounted display for exoscopic neurosurgery.Surgical neurology international · 2024Article
- Article
- Taming the exoscope: a one-year prospective laboratory training study.Acta neurochirurgica · 2023Article
- Exoscopic Microsurgery: A Change of Paradigm in Brain Tumor Surgery? Comparison with Standard Operative Microscope.Brain sciences · 2023Article
- 3D Exoscopes in Experimental Microanastomosis: A Comparison of Different Systems.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Exoscope and operative microscope for training in microneurosurgery: A laboratory investigation on a model of cranial approach.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Recently, the emergence of the three-dimensional (3D) exoscope has proven to be a viable alternative to the operative microscope (OM) as a novel workhorse of microneurosurgical procedures. Through its current iteration, the 3D exoscope has been demonstrated to be at least equivalent to the operative microscope in terms of surgical outcomes in many settings. With its superior ergonomics and simplicity of use, the 3D exoscope has been shown in multiple studies to be a powerful visualizing tool during surgical procedures. Moreover, the exoscopic systems, through their current iterations and by means of a high-resolution 3D monitor and 3D glasses, have allowed all participants present in the operative room to attain an unprecedented level of intraoperative visualization of anatomical structures and surgical maneuvers which are traditionally available only to the first operator. Although long-term data are still lacking regarding its future as a replacement of the OM, the 3D exoscope has revealed itself as an intense subject of discussion in neurosurgery regarding its implication for surgical education, especially for residents and junior neurosurgeons. This article is a review of the current state of the literature on the role of the exoscope in surgical education, underlining its strength as a learning tool and its potential future implications in terms of surgical education.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.