Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35554558›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of nutrition2022

Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, Fiber, and Gluten Intake and Risk of Laparoscopically Confirmed Endometriosis in Premenopausal Women.

Naomi R M Schwartz, Myriam C Afeiche, Kathryn L Terry, Leslie V Farland, Jorge E Chavarro, Stacey A Missmer, Holly R Harris

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of nutrition, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
5.2field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.

Naomi R M SchwartzCHOICE Institute, Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0656-7801
Myriam C AfeicheNestlé Research, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Kathryn L TerryObstetrics and Gynecology Epidemiology Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Leslie V FarlandDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Jorge E ChavarroDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Stacey A MissmerDepartment of Epidemiology, Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
Holly R HarrisProgram in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
Brigham and Women's Hospital · USUniversity of Washington · USBoston Children's Hospital · USNestlé (Switzerland) · CHUniversity of Arizona · US

Funding

Immunology, Inflammation, and EndometriosisR01HD057210 · NICHD · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI MISSMER, STACEY ANN · 2009 to 2012
$1.4M
Endogenous Hormones and Risk of EndometriosisR01HD052473 · NICHD · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI MISSMER, STACEY ANN · 2006 to 2009
$1.1M
A prospective study of diet and endometriosisR03HD048544 · NICHD · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI MISSMER, STACEY ANN · 2005 to 2006
$173k
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development HD48544NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD052473NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD057210NICHD NIH HHS R03 HD048544
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe etiology of endometriosis is not well understood. Limited evidence suggests that dietary factors influence risk, but prospective data related to carbohydrate, fiber, and gluten consumption are scarce. Despite this, recommendations concerning fiber, gluten intake, and endometriosis are pervasive in the lay literature.

objectivesWe aimed to investigate the associations of carbohydrate quality [glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL)], fiber intake (total, legume, vegetable, cruciferous vegetable, fruit, cereal), and gluten intake with incident laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis.

methodsThis was a prospective cohort study using data collected from 81,961 premenopausal women in the Nurses' Health Study II (mean age = 36 y in 1991). Diet was assessed with a validated FFQ every 4 y. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate rate ratios (RRs) and 95% CIs.

resultsA total of 3810 incident cases of laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis were reported over 24 y of follow-up. Women in the highest quintile of GI had 12% (95% CI: 1.01, 1.23; Ptrend = 0.03) higher risk of endometriosis diagnosis than those in the lowest quintile. Total vegetable and cruciferous vegetable fiber intakes were also associated with higher risk (highest compared with lowest quintile RR: 1.13; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.24; Ptrend = 0.004 and RR: 1.17; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.29; Ptrend = 0.02, respectively). Higher intake of fruit fiber was associated with lower risk of endometriosis but the association was not significant after adjusting for the Alternative Healthy Eating Index. Gluten intake was also associated with lower risk (highest compared with lowest quintile RR: 0.91; 95% CI: 0.80, 1.02; Ptrend = 0.01), but these results were not consistent in direction nor statistical significance across sensitivity analyses. No association was observed for GL or total, legume, or cereal fiber intake.

conclusionsOur findings suggest that carbohydrate quality and specific types of fiber-total vegetable and cruciferous vegetable fiber-are associated with endometriosis diagnosis in premenopausal women. These results also indicate it is unlikely that gluten intake is a strong factor in the etiology or symptomatology of endometriosis.

Indexed as

EndometriosisGlycemic LoadAdultDietary CarbohydratesDietary FiberEdible GrainFemaleGlutensGlycemic IndexHumansProspective StudiesRisk FactorsVegetablesDietary CarbohydratesDietary FiberGlutensdietendometriosisfiberglutennutrition

Identifiers

PMID35554558
PMCPMC9445851
OpenAlexW4280533426

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.