ArticleJournal of the American College of Cardiology2022
Cardiovascular Risk Factors Mediate the Long-Term Maternal Risk Associated With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy.
Article in Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06220721 (Reducing the Risk of Chronic Hypertension and Improving Vascular Function Following Preeclampsia), which is not on this map. Cited by 96 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Reducing the Risk of Chronic Hypertension and Improving Vascular Function Following Preeclampsia
Who cites it
96 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 139 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Immediate Postpartum Diuretic Treatment on Postpartum Blood Pressure Among Individuals With Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Pooled it
- Blood pressure-lowering treatment for pregnant women with non-severe hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension · 2025Pooled it
- Parental genetically predicted liability for coronary heart disease and risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes: a cohort study.BMC medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Further development and (cost-)effectiveness of the Smarter Pregnancy lifestyle program tailored for pregnant women with obesity (HYGEIA trial).BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Trial
- Impact of behavioral phenotypes on response to a digital intervention to improve physical activity among postpartum individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.Hypertension in pregnancy · 2025Trial
- Early Home Visits and Health Outcomes in Low-Income Mothers and Offspring: 18-Year Follow-Up of a Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Health behavior profiles in early pregnancy are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes and maternal blood pressure 2-7 years after delivery.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic Syndrome.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Associations between individual severe features of preeclampsia and severe maternal morbidity.American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM · 2026Article
- Associations of urinary phthalate metabolite and replacement chemical concentrations with gestational blood pressure.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Long-term maternal health outcomes following autologous in vitro fertilization compared with medically unassisted conceptions and with nulliparas.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2026Article
- Patient feedback on an educational tool to empower patients after hypertensive pregnancy.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Long-term neurological consequences of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy: Implications for postpartum monitoring and intervention.World journal of methodology · 2026Article
- Associations between female sex-specific risk factors and cardiometabolic multimorbidity: evidence from the UK Biobank cohort study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Lifetime Adverse Pregnancy Outcome History and Cardiovascular Risk.Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2026Article
- Lived experiences of women prescribed low-dose aspirin for preeclampsia prevention: a phenomenological study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Acute coronary syndromes across the lifespan of women.NPJ cardiovascular health · 2026Review
- Cardiac Implications of Preeclampsia: A Review.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Development and Validation of a Prediction Model for Cardiovascular Risk in Reproductive-Aged Women.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- Blood Pressure Genetic Risk and Incident Hypertension at 2 to 7 Years Post Partum.JAMA cardiology · 2026Article
36 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundHypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), including gestational hypertension and preeclampsia, are associated with an increased risk of CVD.
objectivesThe purpose of this study was to evaluate associations between HDP and long-term CVD and identify the proportion of the association mediated by established CVD risk factors.
methodsParous participants without CVD in the Nurses' Health Study II (n = 60,379) were followed for incident CVD from first birth through 2017. Cox proportional hazards models estimated HRs and 95% CIs for the relationship between HDP and CVD, adjusting for potential confounders, including prepregnancy body mass index, smoking, and parental history of CVD. To evaluate the proportion of the association jointly accounted for by chronic hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, and changes in body mass index, we used the difference method.
resultsWomen with HDP in first pregnancy had a 63% higher rate of CVD (95% CI: 1.37-1.94) compared with women with normotensive pregnancies. This association was mediated by established CVD risk factors (proportion mediated = 64%). The increased rate of CVD was higher for preeclampsia (HR: 1.72; 95% CI: 1.42-2.10) than gestational hypertension (HR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.03-1.93). Established CVD risk factors accounted for 57% of the increased rate of CVD for preeclampsia but 84% for gestational hypertension (both P < 0.0001).
conclusionsEstablished CVD risk factors arising after pregnancy explained most (84%) of the increased risk of CVD conferred by gestational hypertension and 57% of the risk among women with preeclampsia. Screening for chronic hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, and overweight/obesity after pregnancy may be especially helpful in CVD prevention among women with a history of HDP.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.