ArticleBMC medicine2022
Systematic analysis of IL-6 as a predictive biomarker and desensitizer of immunotherapy responses in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
Article in BMC medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 62 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predictive value of serum cytokines in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer receiving anti-PD-1 blockade therapy: a meta-analysis.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Pooled it
- IL-6/IL-6R-Mediated Mechanisms in Lung Cancer: From Pathogenesis to Potential Therapeutic Targets.Immunology · 2026Review
- Mechanisms of systemic immune modulation in tumor development: Interactions across lymph nodes, bone marrow, and blood.Cancer metastasis reviews · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicle proteins monitor and interfere with CLDN18.2-targeted CAR-T cell and antibody therapies against gastrointestinal cancers.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Baseline IL-6 independently predicts severe immune-related toxicity and poor survival in advanced gastric cancer treated with immunotherapy.Gastric cancer : official journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association · 2026Article
- The prognostic potential of an immunology score in patients treated with curative surgery for non-small cell lung cancer.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Circulating proteins as biomarkers of response to cancer immunotherapy (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- Baseline salivary IL-6 as a predictive biomarker for complementary therapy response in radiation-induced oral mucositis.European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 2026Article
- Peripheral immune profiling identifies CD8⁺ TRespiratory research · 2026Article
- Role of the Wnt5A pathway in resistance to immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- IL‑6: A key player in the EGFR‑TKI‑resistant tumor microenvironment and its therapeutic implications (Review).International journal of oncology · 2026Review
- In-depth Evaluation of the Olink Target 48 Cytokine Panel: Inter-Laboratory Evaluation of Performance and Reliability for Biomarker Studies in Oncology.The AAPS journal · 2026Article
- Targeting neutrophil-driven immunosuppression: A strategy to overcome immune checkpoint inhibitor resistance.Clinical and translational medicine · 2026Review
- A blood-based immune-suppressive index stratifies immunotherapy outcomes in advanced NSCLC.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- High-titer antinuclear antibodies are associated with severe immune-related toxicity and exploratory survival outcomes in advanced gastric cancer immunotherapy.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2026Article
- A comprehensive analysis of the correlation between plasma cytokines/chemokines and tumor immune microenvironment signature influences the response of checkpoint inhibitors in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.Clinical & translational immunology · 2026Article
- Peripheral blood inflammatory markers as predictive and prognostic indicators in neoadjuvant immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer.Zhong nan da xue xue bao. Yi xue ban = Journal of Central South University. Medical sciences · 2025Article
- Immune therapy-related hyperprogressive disease: Molecular mechanisms, biomarkers, and clinical strategies.World journal of clinical oncology · 2025Review
- ADAM9 drives PD-L1 shedding via IL-6 suppression and exploring therapeutic role of Bufalin treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- [Research Progress on Interleukin-6 in Screening and Prognosis of Patients with Non-small Cell Lung Cancer].Zhongguo fei ai za zhi = Chinese journal of lung cancer · 2025Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCytokines have been reported to alter the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with the tumor in accordance with their plasma concentrations. Here, we aimed to identify the key cytokines which influenced the responses and stimulated resistance to ICIs and tried to improve immunological response and develop novel clinical treatments in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
methodsThe promising predictive cytokines were analyzed via the multi-analyte flow assay. Next, we explored the correlation baseline level of plasma cytokines and clinical outcomes in 45 NSCLC patients treated with ICIs. The mechanism of the potential candidate cytokine in predicting response and inducing resistance to ICIs was then investigated.
resultsWe found NSCLC with a low baseline concentration of IL-6 in plasma specimens or tumor tissues could derive more benefit from ICIs based on the patient cohort. Further analyses revealed that a favorable relationship between PD-L1 and IL-6 expression was seen in NSCLC specimens. Results in vitro showed that PD-L1 expression in the tumor was enhanced by IL-6 via the JAK1/Stat3 pathway, which induced immune evasion. Notably, an adverse correlation was found between IL-6 levels and CD8
conclusionsThis study elucidated the role of baseline IL-6 levels in predicting the responses and promoting resistance to immunotherapy in patients with NSCLC. Our results indicated that the treatment targeting IL-6 may be beneficial for ICIs in NSCLC.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.