ArticleThe Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine2022
Trends in Alcohol, Cigarette, E-Cigarette, and Nonprescribed Pain Reliever Use Among Young Adults in Washington State After Legalization of Nonmedical Cannabis.
Article in The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between state cannabis laws and opioid outcomes: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2026Pooled it
- Nonmonotonic Associations Between Cannabis Use Frequency and Alcohol Use in a Statewide Sample of Young Adults From Washington State.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Pandemic-Related Stressors Linked to Cannabis and Nicotine Use in a Longitudinal Study of Asian, Latinx, and White Young Adults.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2026Article
- Are cannabis policy changes associated with alcohol use patterns? Evidence for age-group differences based on primary care screening data.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2025Article
- Young Adult Cannabis, Alcohol, Nicotine, and Nonprescribed Pain Reliever Use in Washington State Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic.AJPM focus · 2025Article
- Examining Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) Cue Reactivity Using a Remote Platform: Cigarette and ENDS Desire in Dual Users.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Article
- Age-Varying Patterns of Cannabis Use, Related Risk Factors, and their Associations among Young Adults in the Context of Legalized Nonmedical Cannabis.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2025Article
- Change in lifestyle and mental health in young adults: an exploratory study with hybrid machine learning.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Young Adult Alcohol and Cannabis Impaired Driving After the Opening of Cannabis Retail Stores in Washington State.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2024Article
- Cross-Substance Associations With Transitions in Cannabis and Nicotine Use in a Statewide Sample of Young Adults in Washington State.Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2024Article
- Adolescent simultaneous use of alcohol and marijuana by trends in cigarette and nicotine vaping from 2000 to 2020.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Behavioral economic relationship between cannabis and cigarettes: Evidence from hypothetical purchase tasks.The International journal on drug policy · 2023Article
- Pre-Post Cannabis Legalization for Adult Use: A Trend Study of Two Cohorts of Young Adult Cannabis Users in Los Angeles.Journal of psychoactive drugsArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeLiberalization of cannabis laws may be accompanied by changes in the use of substances other than cannabis and changes in associations of cannabis use with other types of substance use. This study assessed (1) trends in alcohol, nicotine, and nonprescribed pain reliever use and (2) changes in associations of cannabis use with these other substances among young adults in Washington State after nonmedical cannabis legalization.
methodsRegression models stratified by age (18-20 vs. 21-25) were used to analyze six annual waves of cross-sectional survey data from a statewide sample from 2014 through 2019 (N = 12,694).
resultsPrevalence of past-month alcohol use, heavy episodic drinking (HED), and cigarette use and prevalence of past-year pain reliever misuse decreased, while the prevalence of past-month e-cigarette use increased since 2016 (the first year assessed). Across years and age groups, the prevalence of substance use other than cannabis was higher among occasional and frequent cannabis users compared to cannabis nonusers. However, associations between both occasional (1-19 days in the prior month) and frequent (20+ days) cannabis use and pain reliever misuse and between frequent cannabis use and HED weakened over time among individuals ages 21-25. DISCUSSION: Contrary to concerns about spillover effects, implementation of legalized nonmedical cannabis coincided with decreases in alcohol and cigarette use and pain reliever misuse. The weakening association of cannabis use with the use of other substances among individuals ages 21-25 requires further research but may suggest increased importance of cannabis-specific prevention and treatment efforts.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.