Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35549575›Full record

ArticleThe International journal of social psychiatry2023

Stigma and mental health problems in an Indian context. Perceptions of people with mental disorders in urban, rural and tribal areas of Kerala.

Raghu Raghavan, Brian Brown, Francesca Horne, Sanjana Kumar, Uma Parameswaran, Ameer B Ali, Ardra Raghu, Amanda Wilson, Nadia Svirydzenka, Chitra Venkateswaran and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The International journal of social psychiatry, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

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  15. Mental health literacy among adolescents in Nigeria exposed to a school-based multidimensional intervention.Journal of the Canadian Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry = Journal de l'Academie canadienne de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent · 2025
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  19. Cytokine gene polymorphisms and suicide risk in an Indian ancestral population: A case-control study.The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Raghu RaghavanDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Brian BrownDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0670-0924
Francesca HorneDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Sanjana KumarDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Uma ParameswaranDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Ameer B AliDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Ardra RaghuDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Amanda WilsonDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Nadia SvirydzenkaDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Chitra VenkateswaranMental Health Care and Research Foundation, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Manoj KumarMental Health Action Trust, Kozhikode, Kerala, India.
Sreedevi R KamalDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.
Andy BarrettExcavate Theatre, Nottingham, UK.
Chandra DasanLokadharmi Theatre, Kochi, Kerala, India.
Aarcha VarmaDe Montfort University, Leicester, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8528-6965
Asha BanuTata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe concept of stigma has been widely used to understand patterns of discrimination and negative ideas surrounding people with mental health problems, yet we know little of the specific nuances of how this might operate beyond the 'Global North'.

aimThis paper aims to explore the notion of stigma in an Indian context by considering the lived experience of patients, carers and community members.

methodsA sample of 204 participants, representing mental health patients, informal carers and community members was recruited from urban and rural areas in Kerala, India. Participants took part in interviews where they were encouraged to talk about their experiences of mental ill health, attitudes towards these problems, barriers encountered and sources of support.

resultsExperiences akin to the experience of stigma in Europe and the United States were elicited but there were important local dimensions specific to the Indian context. The difficulties faced by people with diagnoses of mental disorders in finding marriage partners was seen as an important problem, leading to marriage proposals being refused in some cases, and secrecy on the part of those with mental health problems. Rather than the 'self-stigma' identified in the US, participants were more likely to see this as a collective problem in that it could reflect badly on the family group as a whole rather than just the sufferer.

conclusionsIn the Indian context, the idioms of stigma emphasised impairments in marriage eligibility and the implications for the family group rather than just the self.

Indexed as

Mental DisordersMental HealthCaregiversHumansSocial StigmaStereotypingcommunityIndiaMental healthstigma

Identifiers

PMID35549575
PMCPMC9983047

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.