ArticleJournal of food composition and analysis : an official publication of the United Nations University, International Network of Food Data Systems2021
A survey of cannabinoids and toxic elements in hemp-derived products from the United States marketplace.
Article in Journal of food composition and analysis : an official publication of the United Nations University, International Network of Food Data Systems, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Heavy metals in cannabis: plant contamination and effects on cannabinoid production.Journal of cannabis research · 2026Article
- Correlates of Derived Cannabis Product Awareness, Knowledge, Use, and Use Intentions Among Young Adults.Health education & behavior : the official publication of the Society for Public Health Education · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol Gummy Products: LC-MS/MS Assessment of Cannabinoid Concentrations.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- Inhibitory effects of Δ8-tetrahydrocannabinol on major hepatic cytochrome P450 enzymes and implications for drug disposition.Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals · 2025Article
- Development of Edible Carbohydrate-Protein Sports Gels to Optimize the Muscle Glycogen Re-Synthesis.Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Minor Cannabinoid Profile of Unregulated Cannabidiol Products.Cannabis and cannabinoid research · 2025Article
- CBD for pets: navigating quality assurance, safety standards, and marketing strategies.Journal of cannabis research · 2025Review
- Article
- DART-MS Facilitated Quantification of Cannabinoids in Complex Edible Matrices-Focus on Chocolates and Gelatin-Based Fruit Candies.ACS omega · 2023Article
- Article
- Physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling and simulation of cannabinoids in human plasma and tissues.Journal of applied toxicology : JAT · 2023Article
- Effects of Cannabidiol in Adolescent and Young Adult Depressive and Anxiety Disorders: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Preclinical Research.Adolescent psychiatry (Hilversum, Netherlands) · 2023Article
- Interpol Review of Drug Analysis 2019-2022.Forensic science international. Synergy · 2023Review
- Cannabidiol (CBD) product contamination: Quantitative analysis of ΔDrug and alcohol dependence · 2022Article
- Analytical Techniques for Phytocannabinoid Profiling of Cannabis and Cannabis-Based Products-A Comprehensive Review.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Cannabinoids-Characteristics and Potential for Use in Food Production.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
The 2018 Agricultural Improvement Act removed hemp from Schedule I control, creating a market for hemp products, including cannabidiol-containing products. Due to the market's rapid growth, little is known about the presence and concentration of cannabinoids in commercial products. Herein, 11 cannabinoids were quantified using liquid chromatography with diode-array detection in a non-representative sampling of 147 products labeled as containing hemp or cannabidiol. A subset of 133 products were analyzed for toxic elements using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Cannabinoid content ranged from < LOD - 143 mg/serving, with a median of 16.7 mg/serving. Fewer than half of products surveyed contained cannabidiol concentrations within 20 % of their label declarations. The estimated exposure to lead was below the Interim Reference Level of 12.5 μg/day Pb for women of childbearing age, and most products presented concentrations of Δ
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.