ArticleMolecular ecology2022
Multi-omics analysis identifies a CYP9K1 haplotype conferring pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus in East Africa.
Article in Molecular ecology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- A multi-omic meta-analysis reveals novel mechanisms of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors.Communications biology · 2025Pooled it
- Amino acid transporters in hepatocellular carcinoma: Gatekeepers of metabolic reprogramming.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Synergistic action of different molecular mechanisms causes striking levels of insecticide resistance in the malaria vectorProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Multi-omics analysis identifies loci associated with pyrethroid resistance across sister species in the Anopheles gambiae species complex.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Transcriptomic signatures of high‑intensity pyrethroid resistance in Anopheles gambiae from a Cameroonian agricultural hotspot.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- The genomics of insecticide resistance in Anopheles funestus: insights from a large bed-net trial.BMC genomics · 2026Article
- Spatial and temporal signatures of genomic insecticide resistance in the Anopheles arabiensis mosquito malaria vector from Ethiopia.Research square · 2026Article
- Chlorfenapyr bednets effectively overcome pyrethroid resistance escalation in highly resistant Anopheles malaria vectors in Uganda.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Distinct Genetic Footprint of Adaptation Observed WithinResearch and reports in tropical medicine · 2026Article
- PoolSeq Genome-Wide Association Studies and Microbial Signature Analyses Identify Novel Candidates Associated With Pyrethroid Resistance Evolution in Anopheles funestus in Cameroon.Molecular ecology · 2026Article
- Spatial Heterogeneity ofJournal of parasitology research · 2026Review
- Genome-wide analysis of genetic diversity in Anopheles darlingi from Rondônia State, Brazil.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Genetic isolation drives divergent insecticide resistance between coastal and western Kenya Anopheles funestus populations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Impact of Omics Studies on Understanding Insecticide Resistance Mechanisms in Sub-Saharan Malaria Vectors: A Systematic Review.Journal of arthropod-borne diseases · 2025Review
- Article
- Evidence of microbiome contribution to the escalation of pyrethroid resistance in the major malaria vectors Anopheles gambiae s.s. and Anopheles funestus s.s.BMC microbiology · 2025Article
- Signatures of selection and mechanisms of insecticide resistance in UgandanbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Article
- Temporal evolution of insecticide resistance and bionomics in Anopheles funestus, a key malaria vector in Uganda.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Metabolic resistance to pyrethroids is a menace to the continued effectiveness of malaria vector controls. Its molecular basis is complex and varies geographically across Africa. Here, we used a multi-omics approach, followed-up with functional validation to show that a directionally selected haplotype of a cytochrome P450, CYP9K1 is a major driver of resistance in Anopheles funestus. A PoolSeq GWAS using mosquitoes alive and dead after permethrin exposure, from Malawi and Cameroon, detected candidate genomic regions, but lacked consistency across replicates. Targeted sequencing of candidate resistance genes detected several SNPs associated with known pyrethroid resistance QTLs. The most significant SNPs were in the cytochrome P450 CYP304B1 (Cameroon), CYP315A1 (Uganda) and the ABC transporter gene ABCG4 (Malawi). However, when comparing field resistant mosquitoes to laboratory susceptible, the pyrethroid resistance locus rp1 and SNPs around the ABC transporter ABCG4 were consistently significant, except for Uganda where SNPs in the P450 CYP9K1 was markedly significant. In vitro heterologous metabolism assays with recombinant CYP9K1 revealed that it metabolises type II pyrethroid (deltamethrin; 64% depletion) but not type I (permethrin; 0%), while moderately metabolising DDT (17%). CYP9K1 exhibited reduced genetic diversity in Uganda underlying an extensive selective sweep. Furthermore, a glycine to alanine (G454A) amino acid change in CYP9K1 was fixed in Ugandan mosquitoes but not in other An. funestus populations. This study sheds further light on the evolution of metabolic resistance in a major malaria vector by implicating more genes and variants that can be used to design field-applicable markers to better track resistance Africa-wide.
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