Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35546479›Full record

ArticleDemography2022

Defining Childlessness Among Middle-Aged and Older Americans: A Research Note.

Xiao Xu, Jersey Liang, James M Raymo, BoRin Kim, Mary Beth Ofstedal

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Demography, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Xiao XuDepartment of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6519-1731
Jersey LiangDepartment of Health Management and Policy, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3210-2031
James M RaymoDepartment of Sociology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6766-685X
BoRin KimDepartment of Social Work, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1662-3689
Mary Beth OfstedalInstitute for Social Research, Survey Research Center and Population Studies Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9395-1168

Funding

HRS Yrs29-34: Y33 SSA CoFundingU01AG009740 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI Jessica Faul, KENNETH M LANGA · 1990 to 2026
$555.8M
Yale Clinical and Translational Science Award (U Component)UL1TR001863 · NCATS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI John H. Krystal, LUCILA OHNO-MACHADO · 2016 to 2026
$102.9M
How does health interface with living arrangements?R01AG049716 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI LIANG, JERSEY · 2016 to 2019
$1.6M
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001863NIA NIH HHS R01 AG049716NIA NIH HHS U01 AG009740
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Measuring childlessness is complicated by the increasing complexity of family structure. Using data from the 2014 Health and Retirement Study, in this research note we compared three definitions of childlessness: (1) respondent never fathered/gave birth to a child, (2) respondent had no children who were living and in contact, and (3) respondent and spouse/partner had no children or stepchildren who were living and in contact. Results showed that the prevalence of childlessness among Americans aged 55 or older ranged from 9.2% to 13.6% depending on which definition was used. The association between select individual characteristics (gender and marital status) and the likelihood of childlessness, as well as the association between childlessness and loneliness and living arrangements, also varied depending on how childlessness was defined. Therefore, how we define childlessness can affect our understanding of its prevalence, correlates, and relationships with well-being. Future research on childlessness should carefully consider the choice of definition and its implications for research and policy discussions.

Indexed as

Family CharacteristicsAgedChildGender IdentityHumansMarital StatusMiddle AgedResidence CharacteristicsUnited StatesChildlessnessLiving arrangementsLonelinessMiddle ageOld age

Identifiers

PMID35546479
PMCPMC9187301

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.