ArticleScientific reports2022
On Methods for the Measurement of the Apelin Receptor Ligand Apelin.
Article in Scientific reports, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Apelin-APJ Axis in Heart Failure: Mechanistic Insights, Clinical Evidence, and Translational Challenges.Cardiovascular drugs and therapy · 2026Review
- Apelin-APLNR pathway across development, inflammation, and vascular remodeling: an endothelial perspective.Experimental & molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Single-cell transcriptomic analyses reveal angiogenic vascular responses to chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.iScience · 2026Article
- Targeting the Apelin-APJ Axis: A Promising Strategy to Mitigate Anthracycline-Induced Cardiotoxicity.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- The Apelinergic System in Kidney Disease: Novel Perspectives.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- The role of apelin in cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- Apelin-13 as a novel diagnostic laboratory biomarker in thromboembolic disorders: a review of literature with prospective insights.International journal of emergency medicine · 2024Review
- Apelin is altered in subjects with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease and preserved kidney function.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Apelin exists in many isoforms, both in the circulation and in specific tissues. Apelin peptides have a short half-life but preservation before measurement is scarcely studied. Reproducible mass spectrometry methods to specifically measure a broad range of apelinergic peptide isoforms are currently lacking. A sample protocol to conserve apelinergic peptides in the preanalytical phase and a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method to measure apelinergic isoforms was developed. Apelin was measured in plasma. For validation, human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells transfected with cDNA for preproapelin were used. Results were compared with a validated radioimmunoassay (RIA) method. Acidifying plasma to pH 2.5 improves post-sampling stability of apelin. HPLC-MS/MS was unable to detect apelin isoforms in plasma of healthy volunteers (n = 16) and chronic kidney disease patients (n = 4). RIA could detect apelin in concentrations between 71 and 263 fmol/l in 10 healthy volunteers. An optimized preanalytical protocol was developed. A sensitive and specific HPLC-MS/MS method failed to detect apelin in human plasma. Apelin-36 was detected in HEK cells transfected with cDNA for preproapelin. Currently, RIA with relatively selective antibodies is the best alternative for the measurement of apelin but novel sensitive and specific methods are needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.