ReviewHeadache2022
Headache associated with COVID-19: Epidemiology, characteristics, pathophysiology, and management.
Review in Headache, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 72 citations in OpenAlex.
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of neuropathic pain associated with coronavirus disease 2019.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2023Pooled it
- Prevalence and burden of neurological diseases in China: An analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.Chinese medical journal · 2026Article
- Headache Attributed to Infection: A Clinical and Pathophysiological Overview.Current pain and headache reports · 2026Review
- Longitudinal trajectories of neurologic symptoms and cognitive associations at 36-months post-hospitalization for COVID-19.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Observational
- Global, regional, and national burden of headache disorders, 1990-2021, with forecasts to 2050: A Global Burden of Disease study 2021.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Patterns of Past COVID-19 and EBV Infection in Primary Headache Disorders: A Population Study.Brain and behavior · 2025Article
- NLRP3 inflammasome activation in astrocytes restricts SARS-CoV-2 through gasdermin-D-driven IL-1β release.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Neurological complications caused by SARS-CoV-2.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2024Review
- Headache Management in the Neuroscience Intensive Care Unit.Current pain and headache reports · 2024Review
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Migraine: The Patients' Perspective.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Persistent headache and chronic daily headache after COVID-19: a prospective cohort study.The Korean journal of pain · 2024Article
- The burden of headache and a health-care needs assessment in the adult population of Mali: a cross-sectional population-based study.The journal of headache and pain · 2024Article
- Neuropsychological Symptoms and Quality of Life during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Children: A Survey in a Pediatric Population in the Abruzzo Region, Italy.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Migraine symptoms and association of triggers, coping strategies and clinical characteristics with COVID-19 diagnosis among university students in Peninsular Malaysia: A cross-sectional study.Malaysian family physician : the official journal of the Academy of Family Physicians of Malaysia · 2024Article
- New insights into the increased risk of migraines from COVID-19 infection and vaccination: a Mendelian randomization study.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Article
- Patterns of Opioid and Non-Opioid Analgesic Consumption in Patients with Post-COVID-19 Conditions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Headache in COVID-19 and Long COVID: to Know Facts for Clinical Practice.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2023Review
- New Daily Persistent Headache (NDPH): Unraveling the Complexities of Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, and Treatment.Current pain and headache reports · 2023Review
- Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 in pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.Journal of neurovirology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo review data regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, characteristics, and management of COVID-19-associated headache. The persistence of headache after the acute phase of COVID-19 was also reviewed.
backgroundHeadache is a frequent symptom of COVID-19, and understanding its management is important for health-care professionals involved in treating the disease.
methodThis is a narrative review. A literature review was conducted in the PubMed database with the following terms: "headache" and "COVID-19." All articles written in English that were considered relevant were included.
resultsHalf of the patients who have COVID-19 present with headache, which occurs more frequently in younger patients; in those with previous primary headache or with previous migraine; and in those who have concomitantly presented with anosmia, ageusia, and myalgia. The headache usually begins early in the symptomatic phase, is bilateral, moderate to severe, and has a similar pattern to tension-type headache. All studies found the migraine pattern and the tension-type headache pattern to be frequent patterns. The possible pathophysiological mechanisms include direct viral injury, the inflammatory process, hypoxemia, coagulopathy, and endothelial involvement. Common analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most commonly used drugs for headache in the acute phase of COVID-19. The headache may persist beyond the acute phase, and in such cases, there is an improvement over time. However, not all patients' headaches improve. It seems to be a greater proportion of patients whose headache improves in the first 3 months after the acute phase of the disease than after this period. COVID-19 may trigger new daily persistent headache.
conclusionsHeadache is a clinically significant symptom of COVID-19. Although its characteristics in the acute phase of the disease are already well known, there is a need for studies on its management and persistence.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.