Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35545379›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Risk of a subsequent diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in subjects with ophthalmic disorders associated with inflammatory bowel disease: a retrospective cohort analysis of UK primary care data.

Dominic King, Joht Singh Chandan, Tom Thomas, Alastair K Denniston, Tasanee Braithwaite, Krishnarajah Niranthrankumar, Raoul Reulen, Nicola Adderley, Nigel J Trudgill

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
1.5field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Observational
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Dominic KingGastroenterology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1153-7826
Joht Singh ChandanInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-9561-5141
Tom ThomasTranslational Gastroenterology Unit and Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, Oxford University, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK.
Alastair K DennistonDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHSFT, Birmingham, UK.
Tasanee BraithwaiteInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Krishnarajah NiranthrankumarInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Raoul ReulenInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Nicola AdderleyInstitute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK n.j.adderley@bham.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-0543-3254
Nigel J TrudgillGastroenterology, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.
University of Birmingham · GBSandwell & West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust · GBSt Thomas' Hospital · GBUniversity Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust · GBUniversity of Oxford · GB

Funding

Medical Research Council MC_PC_19005
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesOphthalmic conditions including anterior uveitis (AU), episcleritis and scleritis may occur in association with the inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) as ophthalmic extraintestinal manifestations. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of a later IBD diagnosis in those presenting with IBD associated ocular inflammation (IAOI).

designRetrospective cohort study.

settingPrimary care UK database.

participants38 805 subjects with an IAOI were identified (median age 51 (38-65), 57% women) and matched to 153 018 subjects without IAOI. MEASURES: The risk of a subsequent diagnosis of IBD in subjects with IAOIs compared with age/sex matched subjects without IAOI. HRs were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, deprivation, comorbidity, smoking, baseline axial arthropathy, diarrhoea, loperamide prescription, anaemia, lower gastrointestinal bleeding and abdominal pain.Logistic regression was used to produce a prediction model for a diagnosis of IBD within 3 years of an AU diagnosis.

results213 (0.6%) subsequent IBD diagnoses (102 ulcerative colitis (UC) and 111 Crohn's disease (CD)) were recorded in those with IAOIs and 329 (0.2%) (215 UC and 114 CD) in those without. Median time to IBD diagnosis was 882 (IQR 365-2043) days in those with IAOI and 1403 (IQR 623-2516) in those without. The adjusted HR for a subsequent diagnosis of IBD was 2.25 (95% CI 1.89 to 2.68), p<0.001; for UC 1.65 (95% CI 1.30 to 2.09), p<0.001; and for CD 3.37 (95% CI 2.59 to 4.40), p<0.001 in subjects with IAOI compared with those without.Within 3 years of an AU diagnosis, 84 (0.5%) subjects had a recorded diagnosis of IBD. The prediction model performed well with a C-statistic of 0.75 (95% CI 0.69 to 0.80).

conclusionsSubjects with IAOI have a twofold increased risk of a subsequent IBD diagnosis. Healthcare professionals should be alert for potential signs and symptoms of IBD in those presenting with ophthalmic conditions associated with IBD.

Indexed as

Colitis, UlcerativeCrohn DiseaseInflammatory Bowel DiseasesChild, PreschoolCohort StudiesFemaleHumansInflammationMaleMiddle AgedPrimary Health CareRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsUnited Kingdomepidemiologygastroenterologyinflammatory bowel diseaseophthalmology

Identifiers

PMID35545379
PMCPMC9096531
OpenAlexW4280558845

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.