ArticleKidney research and clinical practice2022
Ambient carbon monoxide correlates with mortality risk of hemodialysis patients: comparing results of control selection in the case-crossover designs.
Article in Kidney research and clinical practice, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Spatial Cluster of Air Pollutants and Its Association with Life Expectancy, Age-Specific Mortality Risk, and Cause-Specific Mortality Rate: A County-Level Ecological Study Across the USA.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Influence of Weather and Air Quality on Clinical Outcomes in End-Stage Kidney Disease: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study.Environmental health insights · 2026Article
- Air Pollution, Kidney Injury, and Green Nephrology-Thinking About Its Association and Causation.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Effects of Air Pollution on Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation: Clinical and Public Health Action.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Long-term impact of PMClinical kidney journal · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundGrowing evidence suggests that environmental air pollution adversely affects kidney health. To date, the association between carbon monoxide (CO) and mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has not been examined.
methodsAmong 134,478 dialysis patients in the Korean ESRD cohort between 2001 and 2014, 8,130 deceased hemodialysis patients were enrolled, and data were analyzed using bidirectional, unidirectional, and time-stratified case-crossover design. We examined the association between short-term CO concentration and mortality in patients with ESRD. We used a two-pollutant model, adjusted for temperature as a climate factor and for nitrogen dioxide (NO2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), ozone (O3), and particulate matter less than 10 μm in diameter as air pollution variables other than CO.
resultsCharacteristics of the study population included age (66.2 ± 12.1 years), sex (male, 59.1%; female, 40.9%), and comorbidities (diabetes, 55.6%; hypertension, 14.4%). Concentration of CO was significantly associated with all-cause mortality in the three case-crossover designs using the two-pollutant model adjusted for SO2. Patients with diabetes or age older than 75 years had a higher risk of mortality than patients without diabetes or those younger than 75 years.
conclusionFindings presented here suggest that higher CO concentration is correlated with increased all-cause mortality in hemodialysis patients, especially in older high-risk patients.
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