ReviewClinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases2022
First-generation oral antivirals against SARS-CoV-2.
Review in Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Effectiveness of Antivirals and Monoclonal Antibodies for Treating COVID-19 Patients Infected With Omicron Variant: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Pooled it
- Phase I study, and dosing regimen selection for a pivotal COVID-19 trial of GST-HG171.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2024Trial
- Immunopharmacological design of a multi-epitope vaccine targeting sarbecovirus Spike glycoprotein.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Non-Structural Proteins: A Blueprint for Next-Generation Small-Molecule Coronavirus Antivirals.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Review of COVID-19 Therapeutics by Mechanism: From Discovery to Approval.Journal of Korean medical science · 2024Review
- COVID-19 Associated Cardiovascular Disease-Risks, Prevention and Management: Heart at Risk Due to COVID-19.Current issues in molecular biology · 2024Review
- Safety Profile of Paxlovid in the Treatment of COVID-19.Current pharmaceutical design · 2024Article
- Main and papain-like proteases as prospective targets for pharmacological treatment of coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.RSC advances · 2023Review
- Oral Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for the Treatment of COVID-19: A Literature Review with a Focus on Real-World Evidence.Infectious disease reports · 2023Review
- Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of the 3CL Protease Inhibitor Ensitrelvir in a SARS-CoV-2 Infection Mouse Model.Viruses · 2023Article
- Have Diagnostics, Therapies, and Vaccines Made the Difference in the Pandemic Evolution of COVID-19 in Comparison with "Spanish Flu"?Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Molnupiravir, Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir, or Sotrovimab for High-Risk COVID-19 Patients Infected by the Omicron Variant: Hospitalization, Mortality, and Time until Negative Swab Test in Real Life.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Efficacy comparison of 3CL protease inhibitors ensitrelvir and nirmatrelvir against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro and in vivo.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2023Article
- Advances and challenges in using nirmatrelvir and its derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 infection.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2023Review
- The impact of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulators on COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Multiple sclerosis and related disorders · 2023Review
- Small molecules in the treatment of COVID-19.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2022Review
- Real-world effectiveness of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir plus ritonavir against mortality, hospitalisation, and in-hospital outcomes among community-dwelling, ambulatory patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during the omicron wave in Hong Kong: an observational study.Lancet (London, England) · 2022Observational
- A Versatile Class of 1,4,4-Trisubstituted Piperidines Block Coronavirus Replication In Vitro.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Absent or suboptimal response to booster dose of COVID-19 vaccine in patients with autoimmune systemic diseases.Journal of autoimmunity · 2022Observational
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundOral drugs against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have received emergency use authorization for the treatment of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 in non-hospitalized patients who are at high risk for clinical progression.
objectivesTo provide a clinical practice overview of first-generation oral antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2. SOURCES: References for this review were identified through searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, bioRxiv, medRxiv, regulatory drug agencies, and pharmaceutical companies' websites up to 16 February 2022. CONTENT: Molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir and ritonavir have been authorized for use in nonhospitalized individuals with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 who are at high risk for progression. In clinical trials, molnupiravir reduced the frequency of hospitalization or death by 3% (relative risk reduction 30%), and nirmatrelvir and ritonavir by 6% (relative risk reduction 89%). Their use in clinical practice requires early administration, review of drug-drug interactions (nirmatrelvir and ritonavir), considerations of embryo-fetal toxicity (molnupiravir), and compliance with ingestion of a high number of pills. Knowledge gaps include the efficacy of these agents in vaccinated, hospitalized, or immunosuppressed individuals with prolonged SARS-CoV-2 persistence. IMPLICATIONS: First-generation oral antivirals represent progress in therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2, but also pose new challenges in clinical practice. Further advances in the development of new drugs are required.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.