ArticleUrology2022
Comparison of Empiric Preventative Pharmacologic Therapies on Stone Recurrence Among Patients with Kidney Stone Disease.
Article in Urology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Adherence to medical management of kidney stones: A systematic review.Urolithiasis · 2026Pooled it
- Prevention of Recurrent Kidney Stones: A CARI Guidelines Summary.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Nephrolithiasis associated with sulfadiazine therapy in an infant with congenital toxoplasmosis: a case report.BMC pediatrics · 2026Article
- Thiazide Use for the Prevention of Recurrent Calcium Kidney Stones.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2024Article
- Kidney Stone Prevention.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo compare the frequency of stone-related events among patients receiving thiazides, alkali citrate, and allopurinol without prior 24 h urine testing. It is unknown whether 1 preventative pharmacological therapy (PPT) medication class is more beneficial for reducing kidney stone recurrence when prescribed empirically. MATERIALS AND
methodsUsing medical claims data from working-age adults with kidney stone disease diagnoses (2008-2018), we identified those prescribed thiazides, alkali citrate, or allopurinol. We excluded those who received 24 h urine testing prior to initiating PPT and those with less than 3 years of follow-up. We fit multivariable regression models to estimate the association between the occurrence of a stone-related event (emergency department visit, hospitalization, or surgery for stones) and PPT medication class.
resultsOur cohort consisted of 1834 (60%), 654 (21%), and 558 (18%) patients empirically prescribed thiazides, alkali citrate, or allopurinol, respectively. After controlling for patient factors including medication adherence and concomitant conditions that increase recurrence risk, the adjusted rate of any stone event was lowest for the thiazide group (14.8%) compared to alkali citrate (20.4%) or allopurinol (20.4%) (each P < .001). Thiazides, compared to allopurinol, were associated with 32% lower odds of a subsequent stone event by 3 years (OR 0.68, 95% CI 0.53-0.88). No such association was observed when comparing alkali citrate to allopurinol (OR 1.00, 95% CI 0.75-1.34).
conclusionEmpiric PPT with thiazides is associated with significantly lower odds of subsequent stone-related events. When 24 h urine testing is unavailable, thiazides may be preferred over alkali citrate or allopurinol for empiric PPT.
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