ArticleBiology letters2022
Fearless distasteful butterflies and timid mimetic butterflies: comparison of flight initiation distances in Papilioninae.
Article in Biology letters, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Reexamining Sexual and Species Recognition in Butterflies: The Partner-Hazard Space Framework.Ecology and evolution · 2026Article
- Activity Responses of Rana forreri and Rhinella horribilis Tadpoles to Predation Cues.Integrative and comparative biology · 2026Article
- Coevolutionary patterns between coloration and diel activity in moths.Royal Society open science · 2025Article
- Fearless distasteful butterflies and timid mimetic butterflies: comparison of flight initiation distances in Papilioninae.Biology letters · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
1 author.
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Abstract
Prey are expected to flee from an approaching predator when the cost of remaining (i.e. being captured) exceeds the cost of fleeing. In species where individuals experience less predation pressure, delayed escape responses to predatory threats are predicted. Therefore, non-chalant behaviour should be observed in unpalatable and Batesian mimetic prey while rapid escape behaviour may be displayed in palatable and non-mimetic prey from closely related species. This study compared the flight initiation distances (FIDs; the distances at which a prey starts to flee during a standardized human approach) of several sympatric swallowtail butterflies (Papilionidae) in two areas with different temperate zones. As predicted, it was found that unpalatable species had significantly shorter FIDs than palatable species in both areas. By contrast, FIDs of Batesian mimic species were significantly longer than those of unpalatable model species and were not significantly different from those of palatable species. FIDs were not significantly different between mimetic and non-mimetic forms of the intraspecific polymorphic species
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