ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
mRNA expression of toll-like receptors 3, 7, 8, and 9 in the nasopharyngeal epithelial cells of coronavirus disease 2019 patients.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Toll-like receptors polymorphisms and COVID-19: a systematic review.Molecular and cellular biochemistry · 2025Pooled it
- Enpatoran in COVID-19 pneumonia: Safety and efficacy results from a phase II randomized trial.Clinical and translational science · 2023Trial
- Early monocyte subset signatures predict outcomes in unvaccinated COVID-19 patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) Expression and Activation in COVID-19 and Long COVID: From SARS-CoV-2 Escape Mechanisms to Emerging PRR-Targeted Immunotherapies.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Ageing and dysregulated lung immune responses in fatal COVID-19.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2025Article
- Cytosolic nucleic acid sensing as driver of critical illness: mechanisms and advances in therapy.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Review
- Toll-Like Receptor Dysregulation in The Hospitalized COVID-19 Patients.Advanced biomedical research · 2025Article
- Role of toll-like receptors in post-COVID-19 associated neurodegenerative disorders?Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19 Demonstrate Distinct Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Concentrations in vivo and TLR-Mediated Cytokine and Chemokine Production in Whole Blood in vitro.Journal of innate immunity · 2025Article
- Association Between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms inViruses · 2024Article
- Association between COVID-19 Severity and Expression of Viral Nucleic Acid Sensor Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells and Nasopharyngeal Epithelial Cells.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2024Article
- TLR3, TLR7, and TLR8 genes expression datasets in COVID-19 patients: Influences of the disease severity and gender.Data in brief · 2024Article
- New-onset Seropositive Rheumatoid Arthritis Post-mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine: A Case Report.Oman medical journal · 2024Article
- Changes of GH-IGFs and its relationship with growth retardation in children with bronchial asthma.Clinics (Sao Paulo, Brazil) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the relationship between serum interleukin-1β levels and expression of inflammasome-related genes in patients with COVID-19.BMC immunology · 2023Article
- Nasopharyngeal epithelial cells from patients with coronavirus disease 2019 express abnormal levels of Toll-like receptors.Pathogens and global health · 2023Article
- The prevalence and contributing risk factors of coronavirus disease 2019 infection in patients with metabolic syndrome.BMC endocrine disorders · 2023Article
- TLRs: Innate Immune Sentries against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- From Co-Infections to Autoimmune Disease via Hyperactivated Innate Immunity: COVID-19 Autoimmune Coagulopathies, Autoimmune Myocarditis and Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Role of TLRs in HIV-1 Infection and Potential of TLR Agonists in HIV-1 Vaccine Development and Treatment Strategies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe etiopathogenesis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) stem partially from the abnormal activation of the innate and adaptive immune systems. Here in the current investigation, the mRNA expression levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs) were evaluated in the nasopharyngeal epithelial cells from COVID-19 patients.
methodsEpithelial cells were obtained using nasopharyngeal swab samples from 90 COVID-19 patients and 50 controls. COVID-19 cases were classified into those without symptoms, with symptoms but not hospitalized, and with symptoms and hospitalized. To determine the mRNA expression levels of TLRs, first RNA was extracted and cDNA was synthesized, and finally Real-time PCR was exerted.
resultsIt was seen that the transcript levels of TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, and TLR9 were overexpressed in the COVID-19 patients with clinical symptoms needing hospitalization as well as in those with clinical symptoms without needing for hospitalization compared to controls. Upregulation of TLRs was associated with clinical presentations of the patients.
conclusionsModulation of TLR3, TLR7, TLR8, TLR9 in the epithelial cells of COVID-19 cases may estimate the disease severity and requirement for hospitalization.
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