ArticlePharmacology2022
Personalized-Inherent Variability in a Time-Dependent Immune Response: A Look into the Fifth Dimension in Biology.
Article in Pharmacology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- A feasibility open-label clinical trial utilizing second-generation artificial intelligence based on the constrained-disorder principle in patients with Parkinson's disease.IBRO neuroscience reports · 2026Article
- Interindividual variability in immune response to AAV ocular gene delivery across species impedes immunomonitoring.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Biological Systems Depend on Communication Over Distances: A Review of the Fundamental Mechanisms, Associated challenges, and the Potential Effect of the Constrained Disorder Principle.Acta biotheoretica · 2026Review
- The constrained disorder principle accounts for quantum effects in biological systems.Journal of medicine and life · 2026Review
- The Constrained Disorder Principle: A Paradigm Shift for Accurate Interactome Mapping and Information Analysis in Complex Biological Systems.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Review
- Review
- Inter-organ correlations in inflammation regulation: a novel biological paradigm in a murine model.Journal of medicine and life · 2025Article
- The Constrained Disorder Principle Overcomes the Challenges of Methods for Assessing Uncertainty in Biological Systems.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- Using the Constrained Disorder Principle to Navigate Uncertainties in Biology and Medicine: Refining Fuzzy Algorithms.Biology · 2024Review
- Using chronobiology-based second-generation artificial intelligence digital system for overcoming antimicrobial drug resistance in chronic infections.Annals of medicine · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIndividualized response to the immune triggers influences the course of immune-mediated diseases and the response to immunotherapies. Both inter- and intra-subject variations occur in time-dependent dynamics of biological systems. The present study aimed to establish a model for inherent personalized-time-dependent variability in response to immune triggers.
methodsMale C57BL/6 mice were administered concanavalin A (ConA) and followed every 2 h for 10 h and at 24 h for serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.
resultsA marked intragroup variability was noted for both the timing of the effect of ConA, the magnitude of the increase in ALT levels, and the time to peak. While in some mice, a peak level was achieved, whereas a continuous increase in liver damage was noted in others. Four mice died at different time points during the study irrespective of their liver damage, further supporting the individualized-based response to the trigger.
conclusionsThis feasibility study established a model for determining the personalized-inherent variability in a time-dependent response to the immune triggers. These results highlight the importance of considering both the time and the wide range of individualized variability in immune responses while designing personalized-based immunotherapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.