Trial reportNeuroImage. Clinical2022
Modulation of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex functional connectivity after intermittent theta-burst stimulation in depression: Combining findings from fNIRS and fMRI.
Trial report in NeuroImage. Clinical, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in psychiatric disorders in early childhood (aged under 10 years): a systematic review.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on neuropathic pain in patients with spinal cord injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Comparison of the clinical efficacy, safety and EEG functional connectivity changes between 18-Hz rTMS and iTBS of accelerated dTMS treatment for major depressive disorder: a randomized controlled trial.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Trial
- Sensor-Based Assessment of Groove Music and Sports Dance on Cognitive-Emotional and Neuromuscular Functions in Older Adults.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Trial
- Continuous theta burst stimulation to dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in young adults with depression: Changes in resting frontostriatal functional connectivity relevant to positive mood.Behaviour research and therapy · 2024Trial
- Antidepressant effects of prolonged intermittent theta-burst stimulation monotherapy at the bilateral dorsomedial prefrontal cortex for medication and standard transcranial magnetic stimulation-resistant major depression: a three arm, randomized, double blind, sham-controlled pilot study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Trial
- Clinical and radiomic features for predicting the treatment response of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in major neurocognitive disorder: Results from a randomized controlled trial.Human brain mapping · 2022Trial
- Functional near-infrared spectroscopy: Systematic mapping of abnormal brain function features in neurological disorders.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Effects of MRI-Navigated Intermittent Theta Burst Stimulation on Task Performance, Subjective Workload, and EEG Responses During Prolonged Simulated Flight: A Randomized Crossover Study.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Differential adolescent neurodevelopment of emotion processing across internalizing psychopathology and childhood adversity.Developmental cognitive neuroscience · 2026Article
- Acute prefrontal hemodynamic responses to intermittent theta burst stimulation correlate with current depression and episode recurrence: A cross-sectional study.Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2026Article
- Bilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation modulates the hemispheric imbalance in major depressive disorder.General psychiatry · 2026Article
- Multidimensional modeling of biological aging: integrating gait, eye movement, rest-state functional connectivity, and plasma biomarkers in non-dementia older adults.The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease · 2026Article
- sCMOS-based fNIRS system: validation via optical performance and cortical response.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- Utility of Functional Near-infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) in Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review.Indian journal of psychological medicine · 2026Review
- Divergent prefrontal activation between genders in depression during verbal fluency task: evidence from a large-scale fNIRS study.Annals of general psychiatry · 2026Article
- Application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy in evaluating antidepressant treatment efficacy: a review of recent evidence (2021-2026).Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- The applications of TMS in brain function assessment and treatment of mental disorders: a narrative review.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Review
- Influence of working memory overload on emotional processing and recognition memory: An fNIRS study.Memory & cognition · 2026Article
- State-dependent dual-site prefrontal TMS bidirectionally modulates working-memory accuracy.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundResting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can assess modulation of functional connectivity networks following repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the treatment of depression. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is well suited for the concurrent application during rTMS treatment sessions to capture immediate blood oxygenation (oxy-Hb) effects, however limited in spatial resolution.
objectiveTo understand the network effects behind such a prefrontal fNIRS response during rTMS, and to test whether the fNIRS signal may be predictive of treatment response, we linked data from fNIRS and fMRI within a clinical intervention study.
methods42 patients with ongoing depression were recruited and randomized to receive active or sham intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS) over the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) twice daily for ten days at target intensity. Oxy-Hb was recorded with fNIRS during the first, fifth, and final day of iTBS, with the probe holders located laterally to the TMS coil over regions corresponding to the left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). Resting-state fMRI scanning was performed before and after the whole iTBS treatment course. Functional connectivity analyses were then performed using dlPFC seeds from parcels of a brain atlas showing most overlap with the fNIRS probe locations during treatment.
resultsAfter active iTBS, left dlPFC-connectivity to the right insula/operculum was reduced compared to sham. The left insula showed a connectivity reduction to the left dlPFC that correlated with an improvement in symptoms. In addition, the posterior parietal cortex showed a connectivity reduction to the left dlPFC that correlated with the fNIRS signal following active iTBS. Finally, the fNIRS oxy-Hb signal from the left dlPFC-seed during the first treatment day was predictive of dlPFC-connectivity change to precentral and temporal cortex regions.
conclusionBy linking findings from these two different methods, this study suggests that changes within both the salience network and the central executive network affect the fNIRS response to iTBS.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.