Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35536449›Full record

SynthesisSports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.)2022

Can I Have My Coffee and Drink It? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis to Determine Whether Habitual Caffeine Consumption Affects the Ergogenic Effect of Caffeine.

Arthur Carvalho, Felipe Miguel Marticorena, Beatriz Helena Grecco, Gabriel Barreto, Bryan Saunders

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 3 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Soccer pass performance following caffeine intake with deliberate or maintenance practice.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2026
    Trial
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  7. Caffeine's influence on vertical jump height: a real-life collegiate student-athlete approach.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2025
    Trial
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  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
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  20. International society of sports nutrition position stand: coffee and sports performance.Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Arthur CarvalhoApplied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246903, Brazil.
Felipe Miguel MarticorenaApplied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246903, Brazil.
Beatriz Helena GreccoApplied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246903, Brazil.
Gabriel BarretoApplied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246903, Brazil.
Bryan SaundersApplied Physiology and Nutrition Research Group, School of Physical Education and Sport; Rheumatology Division, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 455-Cerqueira César, São Paulo, SP, CEP 01246903, Brazil. drbryansaunders@outlook.com.ORCID 0000-0003-0995-9077
Universidade de São Paulo · BR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim was to quantify the proportion of the literature on caffeine supplementation that reports habitual caffeine consumption, and determine the influence of habitual consumption on the acute exercise response to caffeine supplementation, using a systematic review and meta-analytic approach.

methodsThree databases were searched, and articles screened according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Three-level meta-analyses and meta-regression models were used to investigate the influence of habitual caffeine consumption on caffeine's overall ergogenic effect and within different exercise types (endurance, power, strength), in men and women, and in trained and untrained individuals. Sub-analyses were performed according to the following: acute relative dose (< 3, 3-6, > 6 mg/kg body mass [BM]); whether the acute caffeine dose provided was lower or higher than the mean daily caffeine dose; and the caffeine withdrawal period prior to the intervention (< 24, 24-48, > 48 h).

resultsSixty caffeine studies included sufficient information on habitual consumption to be included in the meta-analysis. A positive overall effect of caffeine was shown in comparison to placebo (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.25, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.20-0.30; p < 0.001) with no influence of relative habitual caffeine consumption (p = 0.59). Subgroup analyses showed a significant ergogenic effect when the caffeine dose was < 3 mg/kg BM (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI 0.12-0.40; p = 0.003) and 3-6 mg/kg BM (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI 0.21-0.32; p < 0.0001), but not > 6 mg/kg BM (SMD = 0.11, 95% CI - 0.07 to 0.30; p = 0.23); when the dose was both higher (SMD = 0.26, 95% CI 0.20-0.31; p < 0.001) and lower (SMD = 0.21, 95% CI 0.06-0.36; p = 0.006) than the habitual caffeine dose; and when withdrawal was < 24 h, 24-48 h, and > 48 h. Caffeine was effective for endurance, power, and strength exercise, with no influence (all p ≥ 0.23) of relative habitual caffeine consumption within exercise types. Habitual caffeine consumption did not modify the ergogenic effect of caffeine in male, female, trained or untrained individuals.

conclusionHabitual caffeine consumption does not appear to influence the acute ergogenic effect of caffeine.

Indexed as

Performance-Enhancing SubstancesCaffeineCoffeeExerciseFemaleHumansMaleCaffeineCoffeePerformance-Enhancing Substances

Identifiers

PMID35536449
OpenAlexW4229455820

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.