Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35535069›Full record

ReviewJournal of clinical and experimental hepatology

Gut Barrier and Microbiota in Cirrhosis.

Cyriac A Philips, Philip Augustine

Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. [Chinese guidelines for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and management of cirrhosis (2025)].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025
    Guideline
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. [Expert consensus on the clinical application of gut microbiota transplant therapy in chronic liver disease (version 2025)].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2025
    Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Mechanisms of immunity in acutely decompensated cirrhosis and acute-on-chronic liver failure.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
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  19. [Research progress in the regulation of pathogenesis and the transformation of chronic liver disease by short-chain fatty acids].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2024
    Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Cyriac A PhilipsDepartment of Translational Hepatology, Monarch Liver Laboratory, The Liver Institute, Center of Excellence in GI Sciences, Rajagiri Hospital, Chunangamvely, Aluva, Ernakulam, Kerala, India.
Philip AugustineDepartment of Gastroenterology and Advanced GI Endoscopy, Center of Excellence in GI Sciences, Rajagiri Hospital, Chunangamvely, Aluva, Ernakulam, Kerala, India.
Rajagiri Hospital · IN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gut microbiota and their homeostatic functions are central to the maintenance of the intestinal mucosal barrier. The gut barrier functions as a structural, biological, and immunological barrier, preventing local and systemic invasion and inflammation of pathogenic taxa, resulting in the propagation or causation of organ-specific (liver disease) or systemic diseases (sepsis) in the host. In health, commensal bacteria are involved in regulating pathogenic bacteria, sinister bacterial products, and antigens; and help control and kill pathogenic organisms by secreting antimicrobial metabolites. Gut microbiota also participates in the extraction, synthesis, and absorption of nutrient metabolites, maintains intestinal epithelial integrity and regulates the development, homeostasis, and function of innate and adaptive immune cells. Cirrhosis is associated with local and systemic immune, vascular, and inflammatory changes directly or indirectly linked to perturbations in quality and quantity of intestinal microbiota and intestinal mucosal integrity. Dysbiosis and gut barrier dysfunction are directly involved in the pathogenesis of compensated cirrhosis and the type and severity of complications in decompensated cirrhosis, such as bacterial infections, encephalopathy, extrahepatic organ failure, and progression to acute on chronic liver failure. This paper reviews the normal gut barrier, gut barrier dysfunction, and dysbiosis-associated clinical events in patients with cirrhosis. The role of dietary interventions, antibiotics, prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and healthy donor fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to modulate the gut microbiota for improving patient outcomes is further discussed.

Indexed as

AALD, alcohol-associated liver diseasedecompensationdysbiosisFMTFMT, fecal microbiota transplantationFXR, farnesoid X receptorGB, gut barrierGM, gut microbiotaHE, hepatic encephalopathyhepatic encephalopathySCFA, short-chain fatty acidssepsisTNF, tumor-necrosis factor

Identifiers

PMID35535069
PMCPMC9077238
OpenAlexW3196757718

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.