ArticleJournal of clinical and experimental hepatology
Rifaximin Vs. Norfloxacin for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis Prophylaxis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
Article in Journal of clinical and experimental hepatology. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03695705 (Randomized Control Trial of Rifaximin and Norfloxacin in Primary and Secondary Prophylaxis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis), which is not on this map. Cited by 15 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Randomized Control Trial of Rifaximin and Norfloxacin in Primary and Secondary Prophylaxis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis(SBP) in Cirrhotic Patients
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of rifaximin in preventing hepatic encephalopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Chinese guidelines on the management of ascites in cirrhosis : Chinese Society of Hepatology, Chinese Medical Association.Hepatology international · 2024Guideline
- Norfloxacin versus alternative antibiotics for prophylaxis of spontaneous bacteria peritonitis in cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- [Guidelines on the management of ascites in cirrhosis (2023 version)].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2023Guideline
- Rifaximin for prevention and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy in people with cirrhosis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Epidemiology, Predictors of Antimicrobial Resistance and Empiric Treatment Strategies for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Cirrhosis: A Multicentre SBP-INDIA Study.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2026Article
- KASL clinical practice guidelines for liver cirrhosis: Ascites and related complications 2026.Clinical and molecular hepatology · 2026Article
- Frequent high-level rifaximin resistance inMicrobiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Rifaximin-α use is associated with improved muscle mass in patients with cirrhosis.World journal of hepatology · 2025Article
- Fluoroquinolones for the Prophylaxis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: Are They Losing Ground?Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Impact of Quinolone Prophylaxis on Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis and Mortality in Cirrhosis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Review
- Bacterial Infections in Acute-on-chronic Liver Failure: Epidemiology, Diagnosis, Pathogenesis, and Management.Journal of clinical and translational hepatology · 2024Review
- Austrian consensus on the diagnosis and management of portal hypertension in advanced chronic liver disease (Billroth IV).Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · 2023Article
- Rifaximin Alfa and Liver Diseases: More Than a Treatment for Encephalopathy, a Disease Modifier.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2023Review
- Overview of Complications in Cirrhosis.Journal of clinical and experimental hepatologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) heralds increased mortality in cirrhosis, mandating strategies for prophylaxis. Norfloxacin has been the recommended choice for SBP prevention. However, its use has raised concerns about antibiotic resistance. Rifaximin has been suggested as an alternative. We investigated the efficacy of rifaximin against norfloxacin in primary and secondary prophylaxis of SBP. Methods: In this open-labeled randomized trial, patients with either advanced cirrhosis having ascitic fluid protein levels (<1.5 g/l), Child-Pugh score ≥9 points, serum bilirubin ≥3 mg/dl or impaired renal function (primary prophylaxis group), or those with prior SBP (secondary prophylaxis group) received either norfloxacin (400 mg once daily) or rifaximin (550 mg twice daily). All patients were followed for six months, with the primary endpoint being the development of incident SBP. Results: 142 patients were assessed for eligibility, of which 132 met the enrolment criteria; 12 were lost to follow-up, while 4 discontinued treatment. In patients on primary prophylaxis, occurrence of SBP was similar (14.3% vs. 24.3%, Conclusion: In comparison to norfloxacin, rifaximin significantly reduces incident events of SBP, as well as HE when used as a secondary prophylaxis, whereas for primary prophylaxis both have similar effects (NCT03695705). Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT03695705.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.