Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35534234›Full record

ArticleCancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology2022

Airflow Limitation Increases Lung Cancer Risk in Smokers: The Lifelines Cohort Study.

Yihui Du, Grigory Sidorenkov, Harry J M Groen, Marjolein A Heuvelmans, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Monique D Dorrius, Wim Timens, Geertruida H de Bock

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
0.9field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Proteomic characterization of airway obstruction-associated proteins in non-smoking lung adenocarcinoma.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Yihui DuDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-0959-8339
Grigory SidorenkovDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-1926-8862
Harry J M GroenDepartment of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-2978-5265
Marjolein A HeuvelmansDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Rozemarijn VliegenthartDepartment of Radiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Monique D DorriusDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Wim TimensDepartment of Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-4146-6363
Geertruida H de BockDepartment of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3104-4471
University Medical Center Groningen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe relationship between smoking, airflow limitation, and lung cancer occurrence is unclear. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between airflow limitation and lung cancer, and the effect modification by smoking status.

methodsWe included participants with spirometry data from Lifelines, a population-based cohort study from the Northern Netherlands. Airflow limitation was defined as FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.7. The presence of pathology-confirmed primary lung cancer during a median follow-up of 9.5 years was collected. The Cox regression model was used and hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were reported. Adjusted confounders included age, sex, educational level, smoking, passive smoking, asthma status and asbestos exposure. The effect modification by smoking status was investigated by estimating the relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) and the ratio of HRs with 95% CI.

resultsOut of 98,630 participants, 14,200 (14.4%) had airflow limitation. In participants with and without airflow limitation, lung cancer incidence was 0.8% and 0.2%, respectively. The adjusted HR between airflow limitation and lung cancer risk was 1.7 (1.4-2.3). The association between airflow limitation and lung cancer differed by smoking status [former smokers: 2.1 (1.4-3.2), current smokers: 2.2 (1.5-3.2)] and never smokers [0.9 (0.4-2.1)]. The RERI and ratio of HRs was 2.1 (0.7-3.4) and 2.5 (1.0-6.5) for former smokers, and 4.6 (95% CI, 1.8-7.4) and 2.5 (95% CI, 1.0-6.3) for current smokers, respectively.

conclusionsAirflow limitation increases lung cancer risk and this association is modified by smoking status. IMPACT: Ever smokers with airflow limitation are an important target group for the prevention of lung cancer.

Indexed as

Lung NeoplasmsPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveCohort StudiesHumansLungRisk FactorsSmokers

Identifiers

PMID35534234
PMCPMC9377735
OpenAlexW4229442561

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.