ArticleEBioMedicine2022
Analysis of a SARS-CoV-2 convalescent cohort identified a common strategy for escape of vaccine-induced anti-RBD antibodies by Beta and Omicron variants.
Article in EBioMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- Serological insights from SARS-CoV-2 heterologous prime and boost responses in Thailand.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Intersecting SARS-CoV-2 spike mutations and global vaccine efficacy against COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Preclinical assessment of a recombinant RBD-Fc fusion protein as SARS-CoV-2 candidate vaccine.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2024Article
- A novel SARS-CoV-2 Beta RBD DNA vaccine directly targeted to antigen-presenting cells induces strong humoral and T cell responses.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- The evolution of SARS-CoV-2.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2023Review
- Circulating eosinophils associated with responsiveness to COVID-19 vaccine and the disease severity in patients with SARS-CoV-2 omicron variant infection.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2023Article
- Rise and fall of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Rotterdam: Comparison of wastewater and clinical surveillance.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- SARS-CoV-2-Specific T Cell Responses in Immunocompromised Individuals with Cancer, HIV or Solid Organ Transplants.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Possible contribution of rare alleles of human ACE2 in the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants escaping the immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Review
- SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Effectiveness Is Influenced by Non-Epitope Mutation/Binding-Induced Denaturation of the Epitope 3D Architecture.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Longitudinal Serological Surveillance for COVID-19 Antibodies after Infection and Vaccination.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Observational
- Immune Evasion of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants.Vaccines · 2022Article
- Interrupting methotrexate to improve immunity after COVID-19 booster vaccination: is it really worth it?The Lancet. Respiratory medicine · 2022Article
- Serial infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and BA.2 following three-dose COVID-19 vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
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8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEvolutionary pressure has led to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants, with the most recent Omicron variant containing an unparalleled 30 mutations in the spike protein. Many of these mutations are expected to increase immune evasion, thus making breakthrough cases and re-infection more common.
methodsFrom June 2020 to December 2021 serial blood samples (initial post recovery, 6 months, 12 months) were collected from a COVID-19 convalescent cohort in Boston, MA. Plasma was isolated for use in Mesoscale Discovery based antibody binding assays. Unvaccinated donors or those vaccinated prior to the primary blood draw were excluded from this analysis, as were those who did not have at least two blood draws. Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to compare pre- and post-vaccination titers and antibody response against different variants, while McNemar tests were used to compare the proportions of achieving ≥ 4 fold increases against different variants.
findingsForty-eight COVID convalescent donors with post-infection vaccination (hybrid immunity) were studied to evaluate the levels of cross-reactive antibodies pre- and post- vaccination against various SARS-CoV-2 Spike and receptor binding domain (RBD) proteins. Vaccination with BNT162b2, mRNA-1273 or Ad26.COV2.S led to a 6·3 to 7·8 fold increase in anti-Spike antibody titers and a 7·0 to 7·4 fold increase in anti-WT, Alpha and Delta RBD antibody. However, a lower response was observed for Beta and Omicron RBDs with only 7/48 (15%) and 15/48 (31%) donors having a ≥4 fold increase in post-vaccination titers against Beta and Omicron RBDs. Structural analysis of the Beta and Omicron RBDs reveal a shared immune escape strategy involving residues K417-E484-N501 that is exploited by these variants of concern.
interpretationThrough mutations of the K417-E484-N501 triad, SARS-CoV-2 has evolved to evade neutralization by the class I/II anti-RBD antibody fraction of hybrid immunity plasma as the polyclonal antibody response post-vaccination shows limitations in the ability to solve the structural requirements to bind the mutant RBDs.
fundingMassachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness (280870.5116709.0016) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (1R01AI161152-01A1).
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