Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35533495›Full record

ArticleEBioMedicine2022

SARS-CoV-2 vaccination diversifies the CD4+ spike-reactive T cell repertoire in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Arbor G Dykema, Boyang Zhang, Bezawit A Woldemeskel, Caroline C Garliss, Rufiaat Rashid, Timothy Westlake, Li Zhang, Jiajia Zhang, Laurene S Cheung, Justina X Caushi and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in EBioMedicine, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
18citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

18 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Arbor G DykemaBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Boyang ZhangDepartment of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Bezawit A WoldemeskelDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Caroline C GarlissDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Rufiaat RashidBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Timothy WestlakeBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Li ZhangBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Jiajia ZhangBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Laurene S CheungBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Justina X CaushiBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Drew M PardollBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Andrea L CoxBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Hongkai JiDepartment of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Kellie N SmithBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: ksmit228@jhmi.edu.
Joel N BlanksonDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address: jblanks@jhmi.edu.
Bloomberg (United States) · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Translational Research Central ServicesP30CA006973 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Rosalie Wollett · 1985 to 2026
$208.6M
Medical Scientist Training ProgramT32GM136577 · NIGMS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI ANDREA L COX · 2020 to 2026
$13.4M
TRAINING IN AREAS FUNDAMENTAL TO CANCER RESEARCHT32CA009110 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI MATUNIS, MICHAEL J., WEERARATNA, ASHANI T · 1985 to 2025
$13.1M
TR&D Project 3P41EB028239 · NIBIB · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI JONATHAN P SCHNECK · 2019 to 2026
$11.5M
Virology Resource CoreU54CA260492 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI COX, ANDREA L, KLEIN, SABRA L. · 2020 to 2024
$10.4M
Preclinical modeling to study Tuberculous MeningitisR01AI145435 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI JAIN, SANJAY · 2020 to 2024
$4.0M
Measuring Intralesional Drug Exposures in Cavitary TB using Noninvasive In Vivo PET ImagingR01AI153349 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI JAIN, SANJAY · 2020 to 2024
$3.8M
Immunogenomic determinants of response and resistance to neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 in resectable NSCLCR37CA251447 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Kellie Nicole Smith · 2021 to 2026
$2.2M
Measuring Intralesional Bedaquiline Exposures in Cavitary TB Using Noninvasive In Vivo PET ImagingR21AI149760 · NIAID · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI JAIN, SANJAY, ORDONEZ, ALVARO ANDRES · 2020 to 2021
$450k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA006973NCI NIH HHS R37 CA251447NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009110NCI NIH HHS U54 CA260492NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI145435NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI153349NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI149760NIBIB NIH HHS P41 EB028239NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM136577
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundCOVID-19 mRNA vaccines elicit strong T and B cell responses to the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein in both SARS-CoV-2 naïve and experienced patients. However, it is unknown whether the post-vaccine CD4+ T cell responses seen in patients with a history of COVID-19 are due to restimulation of T cell clonotypes that were first activated during natural infection or if they are the result of new clones activated by the vaccine.

methodsTo address this question, we analyzed the SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein-specific CD4+ T cell receptor repertoire before and after vaccination in 10 COVID-19 convalescent patients and 4 SARS-CoV-2 naïve healthy donor vaccine recipients. We used the viral Functional Expansion of Specific T cells (ViraFEST) assay to quantitatively identify specific SARS-CoV-2 and common cold coronavirus CD4+ T cell clonotypes post COVID-19 disease resolution and post mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.

findingsWe found that while some preexisting T cell receptor clonotypes persisted, the post-vaccine repertoire consisted mainly of vaccine-induced clones and was largely distinct from the repertoire induced by natural infection. Vaccination-induced clones led to an overall maintenance of the total number of SARS-CoV-2 reactive clonotypes over time through expansion of novel clonotypes only stimulated through vaccination. Additionally, we demonstrated that the vaccine preferentially induces T cells that are only specific for SARS-CoV-2 antigens, rather than T cells that cross-recognize SARS-CoV-2/common cold coronaviruses.

interpretationThese data demonstrate that SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection induces a new antigen-specific repertoire and sheds light on the differential immune responses induced by vaccination versus natural infection.

fundingBloomberg∼Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, The Johns Hopkins University, The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, NCI U54CA260492, NIH.

Indexed as

Common ColdCOVID-19Viral VaccinesAntibodies, ViralCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesCOVID-19 VaccinesHumansSARS-CoV-2VaccinationAntibodies, ViralCOVID-19 VaccinesViral VaccinesCD4+ T cellsCoronavirusCOVID-19mRNA vaccinationSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID35533495
PMCPMC9073272
OpenAlexW4229008603

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.