ArticleElectrophoresis2022
Evaluation of a potential prognostic parameter for the inflammatory status in COVID-19 patients: The inflammatory protein ratio.
Article in Electrophoresis, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Guideline-recommended inflammatory testing in symptomatic dermographism: a real-world study.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Inflammatory Protein Ratio (IPR) as an Inflammation-Based Biomarker for Cancer Diagnosis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Exploratory Evaluation of Pre-Treatment Inflammation Profiles in Patients with Colorectal Cancer.Diseases (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Evaluation of a potential prognostic parameter for the inflammatory status in COVID-19 patients: The inflammatory protein ratio.Electrophoresis · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, and d-dimer are determined in the human plasma of 2745 hospitalized patients with and without coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) by automated-latex enhanced immunoassay and immuno-turbidimetric assay. SARS-COV-2 RNA qualitative test, real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based, is performed in nasopharyngeal swabs to confirm those with SARS-COV-2 positivity. Furthermore, serum proteins are separated and quantified in all the patients by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE). A new SPE parameter, inflammatory protein ratio (IPR), is elaborated for the first time by a mathematical equation that considers the albumin, α1-globulin, and α2-globulin. IPR normal reference range (10.7%-28.3%) is calculated considering the normal reference range of albumin, α1-globulin, and α2-globulin obtained for controls. Analysis of variance (ANOVA), Pearson's, Kruskal-Wallis, and Spearman's tests application show that IPR significantly correlates with direct proportionality with d-dimer, CRP, and fibrinogen. Significant (p < 0.001) increase of these parameters, IPR included, is detected in COVID-19 patients only. Our results show that IPR is more specific for monitoring inflammatory status thanks to its correlation with the only three serum proteins involved in inflammation: albumin, α1-globulin, and α2-globulin. Furthermore, IPR can simplify the interpretation of SPE results about inflammatory status, being of unique value compared to the six-serum protein classes separately presented in the typical SPE clinical reports.
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Registered trials
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