Genetic interactions with stressful environments in depression and addiction.

Open access · hybridAbstract read

In one paragraph

Article in BJPsych advances, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

0.3field-weighted citation impact, top 34% of its field

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 3 countries.

Margit BurmeisterComputational Medicine & Bioinformatics and a Research Professor in the Michigan Neuroscience Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. She also holds appointments as Professor of Psychiatry and Professor of Human Genetics. She received her doctorate from the Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg in Germany for work at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory. She trained as a postdoctoral fellow at the University of California in San Francisco. She has held visiting Professorships at the Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics in Berlin, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China, the Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel, the University of Heidelberg and the Chinese University of Hong Kong in Shenzhen, China.ORCID 0000-0002-1914-2434

Srijan SenUniversity of Michigan Depression Center and the Frances and Kenneth Eisenberg Professor of Depression and Neurosciences in the Department for Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. He is also Associate Vice President for Health Sciences, Research Professor of the Michigan Neuroscience Institute and Professor for Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics at the University of Michigan. He received his MD and PhD at the University of Michigan and trained as resident in psychiatry at Yale University.ORCID 0000-0003-4495-495X

Heidelberg University · DEUniversity of Michigan · US

Funding

Mobile Technology to Identify Behavorial Mechanisms Linking Genetic Variation and DepressionR01MH101459 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI SEN, SRIJAN · 2013 to 2023

$6.4M

NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH101459

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Stress is the most important proximal precipitant of depression, yet most large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) do not include stress as a variable. Here, we review how gene × environment (G × E) interaction might impede the discovery of genetic factors, discuss two examples of G × E interaction in depression and addiction, studies incorporating high-stress environments, as well as upcoming waves of genome-wide environment interaction studies (GWEIS). We discuss recent studies which have shown that genetic distributions can be affected by social factors such as migrations and socioeconomic background. These distinctions are not just academic but have practical consequences. Owing to interaction with the environment, genetic predispositions to depression should not be viewed as unmodifiable destiny. Patients may genetically differ not just in their response to drugs, as in the now well-recognised field of pharmacogenetics, but also in how they react to stressful environments and how they are affected by behavioural therapies.

Indexed as

confidence intervaldescriptive statisticsinferenceStandard deviationstandard error

Identifiers

PMID35529524

DOI10.1192/bja.2021.21

PMCPMC9075164

OpenAlexW3164492595

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata

LicenceTDM

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.