ReviewBiomedical journal2022
SARS-CoV-2 variants - Evolution, spike protein, and vaccines.
Review in Biomedical journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed.
- Long-term anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody trajectories after neutralizing monoclonal antibody treatment.PloS one · 2025Trial
- Glycan-binding properties of SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins: interactions with aminoglycoside antibiotics.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Cellular Immune Response Induced by mRNA Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2026Review
- Structural Design and Immunogenicity of a Novel Self-Adjuvanting Mucosal Vaccine Candidate for SARS-CoV-2 Expressed in Plants.Plant biotechnology journal · 2026Article
- From Wuhan to Omicron K.P2 strain: A comprehensive review of SARS-CoV-2 phylogeny and public health implications of the latest booster vaccine.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Review
- Molecular Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Northern Greece from the Index Case up to Early 2025 Using Nanopore Sequencing.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Monoclonal antibodies against human TMPRSS2 prevent infection by any SARS-CoV-2 variant.iScience · 2025Article
- Review
- Advances in Virus Biorecognition and Detection Techniques for the Surveillance and Prevention of Infectious Diseases.Biosensors · 2025Review
- Skin patch delivery of a SARS-CoV-2 spike DNA vaccine produces broad neutralising antibody responses.Heliyon · 2025Article
- Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Essential Tremor: A Retrospective Clinical and Kinematic Analysis.Cerebellum (London, England) · 2024Article
- Beta Spike-Presenting SARS-CoV-2 Virus-like Particle Vaccine Confers Broad Protection against Other VOCs in Mice.Vaccines · 2024Article
- Article
- Article
- A Universal Aptamer for Influenza A Viruses: Selection, Recognition, and Infection Inhibition.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Article
- Potential immune evasion of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 Omicron variants.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Individuals carrying the HLA-B*15 allele exhibit favorable responses to COVID-19 vaccines but are more susceptible to Omicron BA.5.2 and XBB.1.16 infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Long-term oral ACEI/ARB therapy is associated with disease severity in elderly COVID-19 omicron BA.2 patients with hypertension.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Molecular epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Mongolia, first experience with nanopore sequencing in lower- and middle-income countries setting.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2023Article
- Timeline of SARS-CoV-2 Transmission in Sabah, Malaysia: Tracking the Molecular Evolution.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Despite the rising natural and vaccines mediated immunity, several countries have experienced a resurgence of the Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) due to the emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants. From Alpha to Omicron, the variants of concern (VOC) have evolved several spike protein mutations that may have an impact on virus characteristics, such as transmissibility and antigenicity. In this review, we describe the evolution of SARS-CoV-2, summarize current knowledge of epidemiological and clinical features of the variants, and discuss the response strategies in terms of vaccines to reduce the burden of COVID-19.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.