ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2022
The effect of mildly stimulated cycle versus artificial cycle on pregnancy outcomes in overweight/obese women with PCOS prior to frozen embryo transfer: a retrospective cohort study.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ovulation-induced frozen embryo transfer regimens in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Pooled it
- Risk factors and treatment strategies for live birth in women with high BMI undergoing ART.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Association of HDL-cholesterol related inflammatory ratios with reproductive outcomes in women with polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing frozen-thawed embryo transfer.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Article
- Comparison of frozen embryo transfer outcomes in hormonal vs. mild stimulation protocols in polycystic ovary syndrome women: A randomized controlled trial.International journal of reproductive biomedicine · 2025Article
- Comparing programmed, modified natural and natural cycle frozen embryo transfer on obstetric outcomes in polycystic ovary syndrome: a national cohort study.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2025Article
- Hyperlipidemia is negatively associated with pregnancy outcomes in patients following frozen-thawed embryo transfer: A retrospective study.Health science reports · 2024Article
- Predictive value of serum anti-endometrium antibody level in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Irish journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Higher risk of pre-eclampsia and other vascular disorders with artificial cycle for frozen-thawed embryo transfer compared to ovulatory cycle or to fresh embryo transfer followingFrontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Effects of letrozole combined with ethinylestradiol and cyproterone acetate tablets on serum sex hormones and lipid metabolism in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.American journal of translational research · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have shown that frozen embryo transfer (FET) resulted in increased live birth rates (LBR) and reduced the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) than did fresh embryo transfer in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In addition, overweight/obese women with PCOS are at increased risk of subfertility and complications of pregnancy, compared with normal-weight women. The ovarian stimulation and artificial hormone regimes are the two more commonly used endometrial preparation protocols in PCOS patients.This retrospective study aims to compare the pregnancy outcomes of mildly stimulated cycles (mSTC) and artificial cycles (AC) prior to FET in overweight/obese women with PCOS.
methodsA retrospective analysis was conducted in overweight/obese women with PCOS who underwent their first FET cycles from January 2018 to December 2020. Two endometrial preparation protocols were used: the mildly stimulated cycles (N = 173) and the artificial cycles (N = 507). All pregnancy outcomes were analyzed by Student's t-test, Chi-square (χ
resultsThis study enrolled 680 cases of FET cycles. The mSTC group exhibited significantly higher LBR compared with the AC group (49.7% vs. 41.0%; P = 0.046), while the rate of miscarriage was significantly lower (6.4% vs. 23.0%; P < 0.001). No statistically significant differences were observed in positive pregnancy rate (57.8% vs. 60.0%, P = 0.618), clinical pregnancy rate (54.3% vs. 55.6%, P = 0.769), and ectopic pregnancy rate (2.1% vs. 3.2%, P = 0.860) between two groups. After adjusting for possible confounding factors, multivariate logistic regression analysis also yielded similar results.
conclusionsFor overweight/obese women with PCOS, mSTC-FET demonstrated a higher LBR and a lower pregnancy loss rate than that in the AC-FET. When considering the most cost-effective treatment with the least adverse effects on patients, the mSTC for FET endometrial preparation may be considered. To corroborate our findings, additional prospective randomized clinical trials with larger sample sizes are required.
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