ArticleBMC infectious diseases2022
High burden of untreated syphilis, drug resistant Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and other sexually transmitted infections in men with urethral discharge syndrome in Kampala, Uganda.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pharyngeal gonorrhea in Ugandan men with urogenital gonorrhea: differences in antimicrobial resistance and strain types between anatomical sites.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Prevalence of HIV and associated sociobehavioral factors among men with urethral discharge syndrome attending public health facilities in Kampala, Uganda.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Distribution and Factors Associated withInfectious disease reports · 2025Article
- Post-treatment time to symptom resolution and associated factors in a cohort of Ugandan men with urethral discharge syndrome.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Self-collected penile-meatal swabs are suitable for the detection of STIs in Ugandan men with high rates of STI coinfections.Sexually transmitted infections · 2025Article
- Association between city-level sociodemographic and health factors and the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant gonorrhea in the US, 2000-2019: a spatial-temporal modeling study.Lancet regional health. Americas · 2025Article
- A systematic review and guide for using multi-response statistical models in co-infection research.Royal Society open science · 2024Article
- Article
- High level of HIV viral suppression in a cross-sectional study of Ugandan men with urethritis and bacterial STI.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2023Article
- Cluster analysis for symptomatic management ofFrontiers in public health · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesPrompt diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are essential to combat the STI epidemic in resource-limited settings. We characterized the burden of 5 curable STIs chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, Mycoplasma genitalium, syphilis, and HIV infection in Ugandan men with urethritis.
methodsParticipants were recruited from a gonococcal surveillance program in Kampala, Uganda. Questionnaires, penile swabs were collected and tested by nucleic acid amplification. Gonococcal isolates were tested for antimicrobial sensitivity. Sequential point-of-care tests on blood samples were used to screen for syphilis and HIV. Bivariable and multivariable multinomial logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios for preselected factors likely to be associated with STIs. Adherence to STI treatment guidelines were analyzed.
resultsFrom October 2019 to November 2020, positivity (95% CI) for gonorrhea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, and Mycoplasma genitalium, were 66.4% (60.1%, 72.2%), 21.7% (16.8%, 27.4%), 2.0% (0.7%, 4.9%), and 12.4% (8.7%, 17.3%) respectively. All Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, penicillin, and tetracycline, but susceptible to extended spectrum cephalosporins and azithromycin. HIV and syphilis prevalence was 20.0% (50/250) and 10.0% (25/250), and the proportion unaware of their infection was 4.0% and 80.0% respectively. Most participants were treated per national guidelines. Multivariable analysis demonstrated significant associations between curable STI coinfections and younger age, transactional sex, but not HIV status, nor condom or alcohol use.
conclusionsSTI coinfections including HIV their associated risk factors, and gonococcal AMR were common in this population. The majority with syphilis were unaware of their infection and were untreated. Transactional sex was associated with STI coinfections, and > 80% of participants received appropriate treatment.
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