ArticleBMC geriatrics2022
Validation of an electronic frailty index with electronic health records: eFRAGICAP index.
Article in BMC geriatrics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 29 citations in OpenAlex.
- [Rockwood Frailty Index as a prognostic classifier in hospital at home: an observational survival study].Atencion primaria · 2026Article
- Cardiovascular outcomes and mortality risk at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes in older adults: a retrospective population-based study using health records from Spain.EClinicalMedicine · 2026Article
- Frailty and health resource utilization in 5450 adults with acute myeloid leukaemia: A population-based study from Ontario, Canada.British journal of haematology · 2026Article
- Regional and Socioeconomic Disparities in Frailty Across Tasmania: Evidence From Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease.Australasian journal on ageing · 2026Article
- Frailty and subsequent decline in self-rated health among older adults in Southern Switzerland: 13-month cohort study.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Evaluating Frailty Index Integrity: Insights from an International Network Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Advancing healthcare allocation and prevention of disability: the role of disease-based predictive model for disability in aging adults.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Frailty indices based on routinely collected data: a scoping review.The Journal of frailty & aging · 2025Article
- Enhancing emergency care for older persons: the role and impact of the electronic Frailty Index.GeroScience · 2025Article
- Article
- Development and indirect validation of a model predicting frailty in the French healthcare claims database.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Developing an Electronic Frailty Index (eFI) and a biological age trajectory with a cohort of over one million older adults in Hong Kong.The Journal of frailty & aging · 2025Article
- Development of Attention-based Prediction Models for All-cause Mortality, Home Care Need, and Nursing Home Admission in Ageing Adults in Spain Using Longitudinal Electronic Health Record Data.Journal of medical systems · 2025Article
- Using Existing Clinical Data to Measure Older Adult Inpatients' Frailty at Admission and Discharge: Hospital Patient Register Study.JMIR aging · 2024Article
- Development and validation of an electronic frailty index in a national health maintenance organization.Aging · 2024Article
- What is the additive value of nutritional deficiency to VA-FI in the risk assessment for heart failure patients?The journal of nutrition, health & aging · 2024Article
- Prognostic accuracy of 70 individual frailty biomarkers in predicting mortality in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.GeroScience · 2024Article
- Contribution of Frailty to Multimorbidity Patterns and Trajectories: Longitudinal Dynamic Cohort Study of Aging People.JMIR public health and surveillance · 2023Article
- Prevalence and association of frailty with SARS-CoV-2 infection in older adults in Southern Switzerland-Findings from the Corona Immunitas Ticino Study.BMC geriatrics · 2023Article
- Dynamics of multimorbidity and frailty, and their contribution to mortality, nursing home and home care need: A primary care cohort of 1 456 052 ageing people.EClinicalMedicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo create an electronic frailty index (eFRAGICAP) using electronic health records (EHR) in Catalunya (Spain) and assess its predictive validity with a two-year follow-up of the outcomes: homecare need, institutionalization and mortality in the elderly. Additionally, to assess its concurrent validity compared to other standardized measures: the Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) and the Risk Instrument for Screening in the Community (RISC).
methodsThe eFRAGICAP was based on the electronic frailty index (eFI) developed in United Kingdom, and includes 36 deficits identified through clinical diagnoses, prescriptions, physical examinations, and questionnaires registered in the EHR of primary health care centres (PHC). All subjects > 65 assigned to a PHC in Barcelona on 1st January, 2016 were included. Subjects were classified according to their eFRAGICAP index as: fit, mild, moderate or severe frailty. Predictive validity was assessed comparing results with the following outcomes: institutionalization, homecare need, and mortality at 24 months. Concurrent validation of the eFRAGICAP was performed with a sample of subjects (n = 333) drawn from the global cohort and the CFS and RISC. Discrimination and calibration measures for the outcomes of institutionalization, homecare need, and mortality and frailty scales were calculated.
results253,684 subjects had their eFRAGICAP index calculated. Mean age was 76.3 years (59.5% women). Of these, 41.1% were classified as fit, and 32.2% as presenting mild, 18.7% moderate, and 7.9% severe frailty. The mean age of the subjects included in the validation subsample (n = 333) was 79.9 years (57.7% women). Of these, 12.6% were classified as fit, and 31.5% presented mild, 39.6% moderate, and 16.2% severe frailty. Regarding the outcome analyses, the eFRAGICAP was good in the detection of subjects who were institutionalized, required homecare assistance, or died at 24 months (c-statistic of 0.841, 0.853, and 0.803, respectively). eFRAGICAP was also good in the detection of frail subjects compared to the CFS (AUC 0.821) and the RISC (AUC 0.848).
conclusionThe eFRAGICAP has a good discriminative capacity to identify frail subjects compared to other frailty scales and predictive outcomes.
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